Preclinical Safety of the Root Extract of Polygala tenuifolia Willdenow in Sprague-Dawley Rats and Beagle Dogs

Table 10

Serum biochemical values (mean ± standard deviation) of male rats in the subchronic oral dose toxicity study of the root of Polygala tenuifolia.

Parameter	Dose (mg/kg/day)
	0	360	600	1,000
Number of animals examined	10	10	10	10
AST (IU/L)	105.0 ± 26.6	93.4 ± 24.6	87.9 ± 18.5	80.5 ± 11.7
ALT (IU/L)	60.1 ± 12.7	46.6 ± 7.5	44.6 ± 6.8^*	40.0 ± 5.0^**
ALP (IU/L)	121.2 ± 32.8	104.4 ± 29.7	105.1 ± 15.2	99.5 ± 17.5
BUN (mg/dL)	18.9 ± 3.5	15.0 ± 1.8^*	14.6 ± 1.4^*	14.3 ± 1.6^*
CRE (mg/dL)	0.64 ± 0.09	0.56 ± 0.03	0.54 ± 0.04	0.60 ± 0.06
GLU (mg/dL)	139.8 ± 18.1	122.9 ± 11.8^**	125.9 ± 11.1^*	124.1 ± 8.8^*
CHO (mg/dL)	127.2 ± 38.6	107.4 ± 12.3	95.2 ± 11.7	98.0 ± 11.1
PRO (g/dL)	7.51 ± 1.12	6.56 ± 0.18	6.50 ± 0.26	6.4 ± 0.16
CPK (IU/L)	195.4 ± 127.9	141.4 ± 96.3	98.2 ± 78.8	93.3 ± 68.6
ALB (g/dL)	3.51 ± 0.43	3.25 ± 0.08	3.24 ± 0.12	3.24 ± 0.09
BIL (mg/dL)	0.22 ± 0.02	0.20 ± 0.02	0.20 ± 0.02	0.20 ± 0.01
TG (mg/dL)	60.8 ± 16.8	57.2 ± 9.8	53.7 ± 6.7	63.2 ± 15.0
IP (mg/dL)	8.42 ± 1.56	6.92 ± 0.21	7.18 ± 0.63	7.49 ± 0.34
Ca^2+ (mg/dL)	11.81 ± 1.75	10.11 ± 0.15	10.18 ± 0.23	10.13 ± 0.28
A/G (ratio)	0.89 ± 0.07	0.99 ± 0.03^**	1.00 ± 0.04^**	1.02 ± 0.04^**
Na^+ (mmol/L)	140.5 ± 4.22	144.5 ± 1.08^**	144.4 ± 1.07^**	143.9 ± 0.74^**
K^+ (mmol/L)	4.39 ± 0.15	4.47 ± 0.27	4.50 ± 0.25	4.49 ± 0.15
Cl^− (mmol/L)	104.2 ± 2.97	107.4 ± 0.84^**	107.6 ± 0.7^**	107.3 ± 0.82^**
	10	10	10	10

Significant difference at P < 0.05/0.01 compared with the vehicle-treated group.