Amides from Piper as a Diuretic: Behind the Ethnopharmacological Uses of Piper glabratum Kunth

Table 2

Effect of acute oral administration of methanolic extract from Piper  glabratum (MEPG) and its pyrrolidine amide (MMCP) on urinary volume, electrolyte excretion, pH, and conductivity.

Group	Urine; (mL/8 h/100 g)	Na^+; (mmol/L)	K^+; (mmol/L)	Cl^−; (mmol/L)	HCO3^−; (mmol/L)	pH	Conductivity; (mS/cm)
Control	2.15±0.3	106.0±4.1	37.0±6.4	145.0±12.5	225.0±19.5	6.0±0.4	14.3±0.5
HCTZ (10 mg/kg)	3.96±0.5^a	140.3±8.6^a	55.5±4.3^a	160.0±11.1	257.0±18.1	5.9±0.2	16.3±0.7^a
MEPG (30 mg/kg)	2.52±0.2	114.5±6.1	45.7±2.7	150.0±26.4	230.0±25.0	6.0±0.2	15.0±1.1
MEPG (100 mg/kg)	2.24±0.4	99.7±9.9	36.2±9.7	130.0±28.8	245.0±27.5	6.0±0.2	13.7±2.2
MEPG (300 mg/kg)	2.28±0.4	100.0±8.7	36.5±6.1	125.0±10.5	250.0±11.5	5.7±0.3	14.8±1.6
MMCP (3 mg/kg)	2.51±0.2	99.5±6.2	34.0±4.8	155.0±12.5	280.0±18.9	5.8±0.2	13.5±1.2
MMCP (10 mg/kg)	2.60±0.3	94.0±9.0	48.6±6.4	140.0±23.0	315.0±42.7	6.7±0.3	15.0±1.3
MMCP (30 mg/kg)	3.30±0.33^a	120.7±8.3	41.8±6.6	125.0±15.0	380.0±11.5^a	8.4±0.3^a	15.9±0.9

Values are expressed as mean ± SEM of six rats in each group in comparison to the control using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test (^a𝑃<0.05). HCTZ: hydrochlorothiazide; MMCP: 2-methoxy-4, 5-methylenedioxy-trans-cinnamoyl-pyrrolidine.