Botanical, Pharmacological, Phytochemical, and Toxicological Aspects of the Antidiabetic Plant Bidens pilosa L.
Figure 3
Bioactivity-directed fractionation and isolation approach to identify three active polyynes that regulate Th cell differentiation. A flowchart of the bioactivity-directed fractionation and isolation (BDFI) strategy describes the use of the screening platform and Th cell differentiation assays to determine bioactive compounds from the crude extract and fractions of B. pilosa (a). Bioassays are composed of human naïve helper T cells (Th0) which can differentiate into type 1 helper T (Th1) cells and type 2 helper T (Th2) cells in the presence of PHA plus IL-12 and anti-IL-4 antibody and PHA with IL-4 and anti-IL-12 antibody, respectively. The crude extract, fractions, and compounds of B. pilosa are added to differentiating cells to test the Th cell differentiation (b). Compounds 16, 17, and 19 are active compounds that promote Th2 cell differentiation but inhibit Th1 cell differentiation.
