Effects of Inhalation of Essential Oil of Citrus aurantium L. var. amara on Menopausal Symptoms, Stress, and Estrogen in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Table 1
Homogeneity test for general characteristics and measurement variables.
Characteristics or variables
Control ()
0.1% neroli oil ()
0.5% neroli oil ()
Total ()
value
Age (years)
55.73 (2.35)
56.46 (2.26)
55.16 (2.99)
55.81 (2.55)
0.27
BMI (kg/m2)
22.75 (2.48)
22.74 (1.78)
23.49 (1.91)
22.97 (2.08)
0.43
Age at menarche (years)
15.90 (1.38)
15.59 (1.79)
15.19 (1.42)
15.57 (1.55)
0.31
Age at menopause (years)
50.05 (10.24)
52.27 (2.45)
51.53 (2.09)
51.27 (6.30)
0.50
Frequency of lifetime pregnancy
2.82 (0.85)
3.00 (1.31)
2.95 (0.85)
2.92 (1.02)
0.85a
Number of children
1.86 (0.47)
2.05 (0.79)
1.95 (0.52)
1.95 (0.61)
0.46a
Number of family members
3.32 (1.04)
3.32 (1.13)
3.37 (1.30)
3.33 (1.14)
0.94a
Duration of physical exercise (min/week)
188.18 (223.39)
213.75 (191.84)
255.26 (329.99)
217.34 (248.45)
0.63a
Frequency of physical exercise (times/week)
3.00 (3.19)
3.73 (3.01)
3.81 (2.09)
3.5 (2.81)
0.22a
Frequency of sexual intercourse (times/6 months)
9.87 (10.18)
8.36 (7.82)
7.87 (11.67)
8.74 (9.80)
0.54a
MENQOL (score)
Overall
2.66 (0.95)
2.53 (0.91)
2.63 (1.04)
2.61 (0.95)
0.91
Physical
2.58 (1.07)
2.44 (0.29)
2.66 (1.27)
2.55 (1.06)
0.97a
Psychological
2.45 (1.49)
1.90 (1.01)
2.24 (1.26)
2.22 (1.27)
0.40a
Sexual
3.80 (1.62)
4.02 (2.27)
3.46 (1.87)
3.77 (1.93)
0.70a
Vasomotor
2.20 (1.69)
2.52 (1.66)
2.16 (1.59)
2.30 (1.63)
0.53a
Sexual desire VAS (cm)
3.61 (2.69)
2.98 (2.05)
2.74 (1.79)
3.13 (2.22)
0.62a
Stress VAS (cm)
4.64 (1.53)
3.86 (2.26)
4.72 (2.04)
4.39 (1.97)
0.30a
SBP (mmHg)
122.48 (15.65)
122.59 (11.57)
117.32 (12.89)
120.96 (13.51)
0.38
DBP (mmHg)
78.52 (9.31)
78.11 (8.35)
72.76 (8.04)
76.64 (8.85)
0.07
PR (beats/min)
71.23 (6.87)
72.04 (8.73)
72.05 (7.61)
71.76 (7.66)
0.92
Serum cortisol (ng/mL)
7.80 (4.90)
6.22 (3.85)
11.53 (15.64)
8.38 (9.43)
0.45a
Serum estrogen (ng/mL)
139.76 (27.92)
135.25 (21.82)
143.78 (26.64)
139.40 (25.37)
0.69a
BMI, body mass index; MENQOL, Menopause-Specific Qualify of Life Questionnaire; VAS, visual analog scale; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; PR, pulse rate. Data reported as mean (standard deviation). One-way ANOVA, aKruskal-Wallis test.
