Synergistic Effect of Fermented Rice Extracts on the Probiotic and Laxative Properties of Yoghurt in Rats with Loperamide-Induced Constipation

Table 2

Fecal parameters in loperamide-induced constipated rats after oral treatment of the test agents.

Groups	Fecal Parameters
	Numbers	Wet weights (g)	Dry weights (g)	Water contents (%)
Controls
Vehicle	16.40 ± 2.07	3.07 ± 0.88	1.24 ± 0.37	58.82 ± 7.79
Loperamide	6.00 ± 2.00^a	0.89 ± 0.37^e	0.77 ± 0.32^a	14.09 ± 3.10^a
Single formula
FRe 5 mg/kg	11.20 ± 0.84^ac	1.73 ± 0.58^fh	1.16 ± 0.30^d	31.68 ± 8.49^ac
FRe 10 mg/kg	12.40 ± 1.14^ac	1.82 ± 0.37^fg	1.08 ± 0.19	40.26 ± 6.49^ac
Yoghurt	13.40 ± 2.97^bc	1.97 ± 0.37^fg	1.09 ± 0.20	44.63 ± 4.12^ac
Mixed formula
BFRe 0.05%	13.80 ± 1.92^bc	2.02 ± 0.34^g	1.04 ± 0.09	47.94 ± 6.01^bc
BFRe 0.1%	16.00 ± 1.22^c	2.16 ± 0.61^g	1.04 ± 0.30	51.28 ± 8.82^c
BFRe 1%	16.80 ± 2.59^c	2.37 ± 0.55^g	1.03 ± 0.12	55.14 ± 10.20^c

Values are expressed as mean ± SD of five rats.
Yoghurt: Bulgaris, a brand of commercial yoghurt (Namyang, Korea).
FRe: fermented rice extracts.
BFRe: mixed formula consisting of yoghurt and the appropriate percentages (0.05, 0.1 and 1%) of FRe.
All solutions were administered as 10 mL/kg doses.
^a and ^b compared with the vehicle control by the LSD test.
^c and ^d compared with the loperamide control by the LSD test.
^e and ^f compared with the vehicle control by the MW test.
^g and ^h compared with the loperamide control by the MW test.