The Anti-Inflammatory Actions of Auricular Point Acupressure for Chronic Low Back Pain

Table 4

Pearson correlation coefficients among biomarkers and clinical outcomes.

Biomarkers	Proinflammatory cytokine				Anti-inflammatory cytokine		Neuropeptides		Clinical outcomes
	IL-1β	IL-2	IL-6	TNF-	IL-4	IL-10	CGRP	-endorphin	Pain	Physical function
IL-1	—
IL-2		—
IL-6			—
TNF-				—
IL-4					—
IL-10						—
CGRP							—
-endorphin								—
Pain									—
Function										—

Note. Data in the right triangular region reflects pre-APA treatment; data in the left triangular region reflects the mean score change from pre- to post-APA treatment. CGRP: calcitonin gene-related peptide.