Short-Term Effects of Kinesio Taping and Cross Taping Application in the Treatment of Latent Upper Trapezius Trigger Points: A Prospective, Single-Blind, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial
Table 2
Comparison between preintervention, postintervention, and follow-up results in each group.
Outcomes
Group
Measurement
value
Preintervention
Postintervention
Follow-up
(main effect of Friedman ANOVA)
Resting bioelectrical activity (µV) Mean ± SD
CT
6.8 ± 4.8
4.5 ± 2.7
4.2 ± 2.6
KT
6.2 ± 4.3
5.0 ± 3.3
4.6 ± 2.8
Sham
7.4 ± 7.6
4.7 ± 2.5
3.9 ± 1.9
Visual analogue scale (VAS) Mean ± SD
CT
7.2 ± 1.2
5.8 ± 1.6
5.1 ± 1.8
KT
6.8 ± 1.8
4.0 ± 2.0
5.2 ± 2.4
Sham
6.4 ± 1.6
5.7 ± 2.0
4.9 ± 2.2
The range of flexion movement (cm) Mean ± SD
CT
2.6 ± 0.7
2.0 ± 0.5
1.4 ± 0.9
KT
3.1 ± 1.0
2.2 ± 1.0
1.7 ± 1.1
Sham
3.1 ± 0.8
2.7 ± 0.9
2.4 ± 0.7
The range of extension movement (cm) Mean ± SD
CT
8.0 ± 1.2
8.0 ± 1.6
8.0 ± 1.1
KT
7.8 ± 1.6
7.9 ± 1.5
8.6 ± 1.6
Sham
8.1 ± 1.3
7.6 ± 1.0
8.6 ± 1.2
The range of left lateral flexion movement (cm) Mean ± SD
CT
5.3 ± 1.3
5.2 ± 1.0
5.9 ± 0.9
KT
5.4 ± 1.2
6.0 ± 0.9
6.0 ± 0.8
Sham
5.3 ± 1.0
5.5 ± 0.7
5.9 ± 0.7
The range of right lateral flexion movement (cm) Mean ± SD
CT
5.2 ± 1.1
5.4 ± 1.2
5.7 ± 1.0
KT
5.3 ± 1.1
5.8 ± 1.0
5.8 ± 0.9
Sham
5.4 ± 0.9
5.4 ± 0.7
6.0 ± 0.6
Post hoc analysis: Statistically significant comparison between pre- and postresults (). Statistically significant comparison between pre- and follow-up results (). Statistically significant comparison between post- and follow-up results ().
