Neuropharmacological Potential of Gastrodia elata Blume and Its Components

Figure 4

Inhibitory effect of vanillin on microglial activation in the mouse hippocampus after TMT treatment. Mice received a single injection of TMT (2.6 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)) and vanillin (100 mg/kg, i.p.) once daily for 3 days at −1 day, 0 days, and 1 day relative to TMT injection. Mice were sacrificed 3 days after TMT injection. (a) Representative immunoblots show Iba1 (a marker of microglia) and β-actin expression in the mouse hippocampus. Bar graphs show that the increased Iba1 expression in the mouse hippocampus following TMT treatment was significantly ameliorated by vanillin treatment. Data are presented as means ± SEMs. (b) Photomicrographs show representative images of Iba1 expression in the dentate gyrus (DG), CA1, and CA3. The number of activated microglia, a hypertrophied form, following TMT treatment markedly decreased following vanillin treatment. Scale bars indicate 300 μm in the left panels and 100 μm in other panels.

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