The Effects of High-Frequency Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Dental Professionals with Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Single-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Table 2
The changes in the visual analogue scale scores (VAS) in pain at rest and during full-sagittal neck movement after application of a single session TENS in postlabor state.
TENS group ()
Placebo-TENS group ()
VAS score at rest (mm)
Prelabor
7.0 ± 7.33
6.4 ± 7.42
0.794
Postlabor
34.2 ± 13.41
32.4 ± 18.46
Post-TENS
18.7 ± 7.46
30.7 ± 17.67
1 H TENS
23.2 ± 7.80
29.1 ± 16.00
3 H TENS
17.3 ± 8.34
22.6 ± 12.87
1 D TENS
7.9 ± 6.74
8.2 ± 7.16
0.000
0.000
Postlabor–prelabor
27.2 ± 11.26
26.0 ± 15.83
0.763
Post-TENS–postlabor
15.5 ± 9.10
1.7 ± 3.88
0.000
1 H TENS–postlabor
11.0 ± 6.96
3.3 ± 3.88
0.000
3 H TENS–postlabor
16.9 ± 7.78
9.8 ± 6.82
0.002
1 D TENS–postlabor
26.3 ± 10.86
24.2 ± 14.99
0.597
VAS score during movement (mm)
Prelabor
17.7 ± 10.83
17.4 ± 12.69
0.927
Postlabor
48.8 ± 12.00
47.8 ± 19.06
Post-TENS
33.5 ± 8.27
45.7 ± 17.60
1 H TENS
37.3 ± 9.09
42.0 ± 15.86
3 H TENS
28.4 ± 8.51
36.1 ± 14.92
1 D TENS
18.1 ± 9.76
18.7 ± 12.90
0.000
0.000
Postlabor–prelabor
31.3 ± 12.45
30.4 ± 18.34
0.864
Post-TENS–postlabor
15.4 ± 8.25
2.2 ± 3.94
0.000
1 H TENS–postlabor
12.0 ± 6.70
5.9 ± 4.92
0.002
3 H TENS–postlabor
19.8 ± 7.76
11.7 ± 7.17
0.002
1 D TENS–postlabor
31.1 ± 11.28
29.1 ± 17.43
0.655
Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). indicates a significant difference within a group as compared to the prelabor value (). # indicates a significant difference as compared to the postlabor value (). VAS: visual analogue scale; 1 H TENS: 1 h after the application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS); 3 H TENS: 3 h after TENS application; 1 D TENS: 1 day after TENS application.
