Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Injections with a Cell Imaging-Based Multiparametric Assay Revealed a Critical Involvement of Mitochondrial Function in Hepatotoxicity

Figure 1

Representative images of HCA for positive drugs induced hepatotoxicity on Hoescht 33342, Mitotracker Deep Red FM, PI iodide, and Rhodamine 123 channels. HepG2 cells treated with blank (a, e, i, m, and q), 3 μM FCCP (d, h, l, p, and t), 3 mM acetaminophen (b, f, j, n, and r), and 3 μM doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) (c, g, k, o, and s) are shown. The increased intensity of Mitotracker Deep Red FM indicated an increased mitochondrial mass (MS) (g, h). The decreased intensity of Rhodamine 123 indicated a decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) (j, k, and l). The MMP decrease was indicated by white arrow (g, k, and o). The intensity of PI was increased when plasma membrane permeability (PMP) increased. The PMP increase was indicated by white arrow (o). The cell nucleuses stained by Hoechst 33342 shrunk and CN decreased by FCCP, indicated by white arrow (d).

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