Farnesol, a Sesquiterpene Alcohol in Herbal Plants, Exerts Anti-Inflammatory and Antiallergic Effects on Ovalbumin-Sensitized and -Challenged Asthmatic Mice

Table 6

Effects of farnesol supplementation with different doses for 5 weeks on proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretions by peritoneal macrophages of OVA/AL-sensitized and -challenged BALB/c asthmatic mice.

Cytokines secreted by splenocytes	Groups	Treatment
		Spon.	LPS
IL-1β (pg/mL)	DC	8.39 ± 3.88^b	ND
	FL	14.0 ± 3.4^ab	11.8 ± 8.4^ab
	FM	11.9 ± 3.4^b	18.5 ± 13.2^a
	FH	12.4 ± 8.0^b	18.5 ± 13.2^a
	PC	11.5 ± 6.2^b	8.3 ± 8.0^bc
	NSC	18.1 ± 10.6^a	18.4 ± 16.1^a
IL-6 (pg/mL)	DC	159 ± 95^d	537 ± 156^c
	FL	270 ± 124^cd	1047 ± 640^bc
	FM	943 ± 528^a	1915 ± 1066^a
	FH	477 ± 278^bc	1215 ± 786^b
	PC	515 ± 292^bc	1076 ± 619^bc
	NSC	595 ± 338^b	1231 ± 824^b
TNF- (pg/mL)	DC	192 ± 73^b	332 ± 126^b
	FL	250 ± 44^ab	399 ± 74^ab
	FM	271 ± 85^ab	506 ± 96^a
	FH	213 ± 141^ab	356 ± 178^b
	PC	301 ± 98^a	505 ± 177^a
	NSC	301 ± 148^a	501 ± 215^a
IL-10 (pg/mL)	DC	48.6 ± 35.1^c	91.0 ± 41.0^b
	FL	91.7 ± 36.7^ab	166 ± 59^a
	FM	129.3 ± 83.9^a	193 ± 79^a
	FH	65.9 ± 47.2^bc	151 ± 80^a
	PC	80.1 ± 46.0^bc	159 ± 85^a
	NSC	80.9 ± 32.0^bc	150 ± 63^a
TNF-/IL-10 (pg/pg)	DC	3.89 ± 1.38^ab	3.18 ± 1.36^ab
	FL	2.46 ± 0.52^c	2.54 ± 0.98^ab
	FM	2.89 ± 1.60^bc	2.13 ± 0.27^b
	FH	3.18 ± 0.88^abc	2.15 ± 1.05^b
	PC	4.29 ± 1.98^a	3.07 ± 1.04^ab
	NSC	3.63 ± 1.22^abc	3.52 ± 1.92^a

Values are means ± SD ( = 12–15). Values within same column not sharing a common small letter are significantly different () from each other and assayed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s new multiple range test. The LOD of these kits used in this study was <3.9 pg/mL. “ND” means not detectable. NSC, nonsensitized control; DC, dietary control; PC, positive control; FL, low dose farnesol (0.003% in AIN-76 feed); FM, medium dose farnesol (0.017% in AIN-76 feed); FH, high dose farnesol (0.067% in AIN-76 feed).