Research Article
Ninety-Day Oral Toxicity Assessment of an Alternative Biopolymer for Controlled Release Drug Delivery Systems Obtained from Cassava Starch Acetate
Table 3
Effect of FCSA on biochemical parameters of male and female Wistar rats exposed for 90 days.
| Parameters | Control | FCSA 3 mg/kg/day | FCSA 30 mg/kg/day | FCSA 300 mg/kg/day | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 139 ± 7.4 | 122 ± 5.1 | 139 ± 6.0 | 144 ± 7.1 | 130 ± 6.0 | 131 ± 5.1 | 137 ± 4.9 | 138 ± 6.2 | Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 59 ± 1.4 | 60 ± 3.4 | 56 ± 2.1 | 57 ± 2.5 | 59 ± 1.7 | 63 ± 3.4 | 60 ± 2.7 | 63 ± 3.0 | HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 35 ± 1.1 | 36 ± 2.4 | 33 ± 1.4 | 33 ± 1.8 | 36 ± 1.1 | 38 ± 1.8 | 37 ± 1.4 | 39 ± 2.1 | Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 54 ± 6.7 | 56 ± 3.9 | 51 ± 6.7 | 64 ± 5.8 | 48 ± 5.1 | 54 ± 4.1 | 53 ± 6.5 | 55 ± 3.3 | Urea (mg/dL) | 36 ± 2.5 | 33 ± 3.4 | 38 ± 2.0 | 34 ± 3.4 | 41 ± 3.1 | 34 ± 2.9 | 44 ± 2.4 | 34 ± 2.8 | Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.47 ± 0.02 | 0.48 ± 0.04 | 0.49 ± 0.01 | 0.49 ± 0.04 | 0.49 ± 0.01 | 0.50 ± 0.03 | 0.47 ± 0.01 | 0.48 ± 0.04 | Sodium (mEq/L) | 141 ± 1.0 | 138 ± 1.4 | 142 ± 1.3 | 139 ± 1.1 | 139 ± 0.6 | 137 ± 1.0 | 141 ± 1.3 | 137 ± 0.6 | Potassium (mEq/L) | 5.6 ± 0.1 | 6.0 ± 0.2 | 5.5 ± 0.2 | 6.0 ± 0.3 | 5.5 ± 0.1 | 5.8 ± 0.3 | 5.7 ± 0.3 | 5.6 ± 0.3 | Uric acid (mg/dL) | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.5 ± 0.1 | Total protein (g/dL) | 5.4 ± 0.1 | 5.4 ± 0.1 | 5.3 ± 0.1 | 5.4 ± 0.1 | 5.3 ± 0.1 | 5.5 ± 0.1 | 5.2 ± 0.1 | 5.5 ± 0.2 | Albumin (g/dL) |
3.5 ± 0.1 | 3.7 ± 0.1 | 3.5 ± 0.1 | 3.7 ± 0.1 | 3.5 ± 0.1 | 3.8 ± 0.1 | 3.4 ± 0.1 | 3.8 ± 0.1 | Globulin (g/dL) | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | Amylase (U/L) | 732 ± 24 | 722 ± 76 | 699 ± 41 | 667 ± 58 | 703 ± 37 | 664 ± 67 | 756 ± 41 | 596 ± 59 | Alkaline phosphatase (U/L) | 154 ± 11 | 106 ± 9 | 154 ± 11 | 107 ± 15 | 139 ± 9 | 106 ± 4 | 153 ± 11 | 100 ± 7 | AST (U/L) | 99 ± 9 | 124 ± 6 | 120 ± 9 | 117 ± 7 | 98 ± 8 | 117 ± 6 | 99 ± 10 | 134 ± 12 | ALT (U/L) | 49 ± 2 | 42 ± 2 | 58 ± 6 | 40 ± 2 | 50 ± 1 | 42 ± 2 | 53 ± 5 | 41 ± 2 | Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.15 ± 0.01 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 0.19 ± 0.04 | 0.15 ± 0.01 | 0.15 ± 0.01 | Direct bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.11 ± 0.02 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 0.10 ± 0.02 | 0.09 ± 0.02 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | Indirect bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.06 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.01 |
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Values are expressed as mean ± S. E. M. of ten rats in each group in comparison to the control using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test.
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