Research Article
Medication and Dietary Supplement Interactions among a Low-Income, Hospitalized Patient Population Who Take Cardiac Medications
Table 1
Sociodemographic factors associated with and without potentially harmful dietary supplement-prescription medication use.
| | Sociodemographic factors | Total number of participants |
Potentially harmful dietary supplement-prescription medication use | value | | Sample size | ( = 558) | No ( = 448) | Yes ( = 110) |
| | Continuous age: mean (SD) | 558 | 49.86 (13.75) | 49.52 (16.25) | 0.84 | | Number of oral products: mean (SD) | 558 | 7.89 (5.23) | 9.55 (5.62) | 0.004 | | Gender | | | | | | Male | 276 | 225 (81.52%) | 51 (18.48%) | 0.47 | | Female | 282 | 223 (79.08%) | 59 (20.92%) | | Education* | | | | | | Less than high school | 112 | 85 (75.89%) | 27 (24.11%) | 0.05 | | High school | 227 | 195 (85.9%) | 32 (14.1%) | | College | 207 | 158 (76.33%) | 49 (23.67%) | | Income | | | | | | Other (refused/missing) | 206 | 170 (82.52%) | 36 (17.48%) | 0.17 | | None to $9,999 | 124 | 92 (74.19%) | 32 (25.81%) | | $10,0029,999 | 121 | 97 (80.17%) | 24 (19.83%) | | $30,00049,999 | 48 | 43 (89.58%) | 5 (10.42%) | | $50,000+ | 59 | 46 (77.97%) | 13 (22.03%) | | Insurance | | | | | | Private | 184 | 145 (78.8%) | 39 (21.2%) | 0.54 | | Government/free care | 374 | 303 (81.02%) | 71 (18.98%) | | Race | | | | | | Non-Hispanic Black | 278 | 221 (79.5%) | 57 (20.5%) | 0.67 | | Hispanic/other | 108 | 90 (83.33%) | 18 (16.67%) | | Non-Hispanic White | 172 | 137 (79.65%) | 35 (20.35%) | | Marital status | | | | | | Single | 436 | 350 (80.28%) | 86 (19.72%) | 0.99 | | Married | 122 | 98 (80.33%) | 24 (19.67%) | | English as the primary language | | | | | | Yes | 488 | 394 (80.74%) | 94 (19.26%) | 0.48 | | No | 70 | 54 (77.14%) | 16 (22.86%) | | Born in the USA | | | | | | Yes | 434 | 350 (80.65%) | 84 (19.35%) | 0.69 | | No | 124 | 98 (79.03%) | 26 (20.97%) | | REALM** | | | | | | 60 | 205 | 167 (81.46%) | 38 (18.54%) | 0.59 | | 60 | 328 | 261 (79.57%) | 67 (20.43%) | | Depressive symptoms | | | | | | Mild to severe | 92 | 76 (82.61%) | 16 (17.39%) | 0.54 | | No | 466 | 372 (79.83%) | 94 (20.17%) | | Health care utilization | | | | | | Frequent utilizer | | | | | | Yes | 85 | 70 (82.35%) | 15 (17.65%) | 0.60 | | No | 473 | 378 (79.92%) | 95 (20.08%) | | Has PCP | | | | | | Yes | 455 | 360 (79.12%) | 95 (20.88%) | 0.15 | | No | 103 | 88 (85.44%) | 15 (14.56%) | | Lifestyle variables | | | | | | Alcohol use | | | | | | Yes | 146 | 116 (79.45%) | 30 (20.55%) | 0.77 | | No | 412 | 332 (80.58%) | 80 (19.42%) | | Illegal drug use | | | | | | Yes | 100 | 86 (86.0%) | 14 (14.0%) | 0.11 | | No | 458 | 362 (79.04%) | 96 (20.96%) |
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*Total participants = 546.
**Total participants = 533.
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