High-Energy Extracorporeal Shock Wave for Early Stage Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: A Single-Center Case Series

Table 4

Changes on radiograph and MR image before and after treatment.

	LPFH group ( hips)			Non-LPFH group ( hips)
	Before ESWT	After ESWT	value	Before ESWT	After ESWT	value
ON lesion (%)	23.57 ± 8.91	17.92 ± 8.24	0.091	37.62 ± 9.58	29.78 ± 9.32	0.087
Bone marrow edema (hips)
Grade 0	171	226	0.007	22	83	0.016
Grade 1	114	86		41	39
Grade 2	47	53		67	27
Grade 3	39	11		13	3
Grade 4	5	0		9	0

Note: the last follow-up time. ON: osteonecrosis; ESWT: extracorporeal shockwave therapy.
The ON lesion (%) represents the percentage of the lesion over the total femoral head surface and is shown in mean ± SD (range).
Bone marrow edema was graded 0 for no bone marrow edema, 1 for perinecrotic bone marrow edema, 2 for bone marrow edema extended into femoral head, 3 for bone marrow edema extended into neck of femur, and 4 for bone marrow edema extended into intertrochanteric region [18].