Antinociceptive Effects of Spinal Manipulative Therapy on Nociceptive Behavior of Adult Rats during the Formalin Test

Figure 2

An anesthetized rat undergoing LVVA-SM on a custom-made, motorized device. Mild vertebral column traction was provided using an incisor bar in the anesthesia nose cone (A) and a 100 g weight (B). Mild pressure was applied at the L5 spinous process (C).