Catalpol Modulates Lifespan via DAF-16/FOXO and SKN-1/Nrf2 Activation in Caenorhabditis elegans

Table 1

Effects of catalpol on the lifespan of mutant C. elegans.

Genotype	Mean lifespan^a		Maximum lifespan		Change in mean lifespan^c (%)	Log-rank test^d
	Untreated	Treated^b	Untreated	Treated^b
Wild-type	12.3 ± 0.3	15.8 ± 0.4	18	27	28.5	P < 0.001
skn-1  (zu67)	11.8 ± 0.3	11.7 ± 0.3	20	19	−0.8	P = 0.595
daf-16  (mgDf50)	11.7 ± 0.4	11.8 ± 0.4	19	19	0.9	P = 0.611
daf-2  (e1368)	16.1 ± 0.8	16.1 ± 0.7	27	26	0.0	P = 0.951
age-1  (hx546)	15.2 ± 0.5	15.7 ± 0.6	28	29	3.4	P = 0.356
sir-2.1  (ok434)	11.4 ± 0.6	12.6 ± 0.7	19	23	10.3	P = 0.010
mek-1  (ks54)	10.2 ± 0.3	9.9 ± 0.3	18	17	−1.1	P = 0.803

Mean lifespan presented as mean ± S.E.M.
^bCatalpol-treated concentration was 25 μM.
^cChange in mean lifespan compared with untreated group of each strain (%).
^dStatistical significance of the difference between survival curves was determined by log-rank test using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Differences compared to the control were considered significant at < 0.05 and < 0.001.