Traditional Chinese Medicine Decreases the Stroke Risk of Systemic Corticosteroid Treatment in Dermatitis: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Table 3

Cox model measured hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals of ischemic stroke associated with dermatitis and covariates.

Characteristics	Crude			Adjusted
	HR	(95% CI)	value	HR	(95% CI)	value
Dermatitis (ref = no)
Yes	1.30	(1.27–1.34)	<0.0001	1.16	(1.12–1.19)	<0.0001
Gender (ref = male)
Female	0.69	(0.67–0.71)	<0.0001	0.81	(0.78–0.83)	<0.0001
Age, years (ref = 20–39)
40–49	4.60	(4.34–4.87)	<0.0001	4.12	(3.89–4.37)	<0.0001
50–59	10.88	(10.3–11.5)	<0.0001	8.25	(7.8–8.73)	<0.0001
≥60	29.39	(27.95–30.89)	<0.0001	18.48	(17.5–19.5)	<0.0001
Comorbidity
Asthma (ref = no)
Yes	2.45	(2.35–2.57)	<0.0001	1.07	(1.02–1.12)	0.0073
Allergic rhinitis (ref = no)
Yes	1.04	(1–1.09)	0.0829	0.97	(0.92–1.01)	0.1195
Urticaria (ref = no)
Yes	1.12	(1.07–1.18)	<0.0001	0.98	(0.94–1.03)	0.5232
DM (ref = no)
Yes	4.35	(4.22–4.49)	<0.0001	1.37	(1.32–1.41)	<0.0001
Hypertension (ref = no)
Yes	6.48	(6.31–6.65)	<0.0001	1.87	(1.81–1.93)	<0.0001
Hyperlipidemia (ref = no)
Yes	3.18	(3.07–3.3)	<0.0001	1.01	(0.97–1.05)	0.6112
AF (ref = no)
Yes	7.24	(6.44–8.14)	<0.0001	1.70	(1.51–1.91)	<0.0001
Treatment (ref = non-TCM and nonsystemic steroid)
Only TCM	1.01	(0.93–1.09)	0.8967	1.25	(1.15–1.36)	<0.0001
Only systemic steroid	2.23	(2.06–2.42)	<0.0001	1.56	(1.44–1.69)	<0.0001
TCM and systemic steroid	1.72	(1.60–1.85)	<0.0001	1.68	(1.57–1.81)	<0.0001

HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval.
Adjusted HR: adjusted for age, gender, treatment, and comorbidity in Cox proportional hazards regression.