Toxic Markers of Matrine Determined Using ¹H-NMR-Based Metabolomics in Cultured Cells In Vitro and Rats In Vivo

Figure 1

Representative ¹H NMR spectra of control groups for (a) urine of rat and (b) aqueous and (c) lipophilic extracts of HepG2 cells. The aromatic regions (in the dashed boxes) were magnified 10 times compared with corresponding aliphatic regions for the purpose of clarity. The metabolites numbered were assigned in Table 1.

(a)

(b)

(c)