|
| Studies | Effect size: Time 2 (8–12 months) |
| Effect size BT %FEV1 | Effect size BT anxiety | Effect size BT depression | Effect size BT QoL |
|
| The Effects of Controlled Breathing during Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients with COPD [32] | 0.146 | | | 0.397 |
| Can Ventilation-Feedback Training Augment Exercise Tolerance in Patients with COPD? [37] | | | | 0.527 |
| VF Alone versus Exercise Alone [37] | | | | 0.540 |
| Tai Chi Exercise for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Pilot Study [29] | | | 0.804 | 1.886 |
| Exercise Maintenance following Pulmonary Rehabilitation Effect of Distractive Stimuli [34] | | 0.725 | 0.512 | 0.089 |
| Distraction Therapy with Nature Sights and Sounds Reduces Pain during Flexible Bronchoscopy: A Complementary Approach to Routine Analgesia [38] | | −0.133 | | |
| Effects of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Training on Anxiety and Depression in Patients Enrolled in an Outpatient Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program [21] | | 0.014 | 0.023 | |
| Treatment of Dyspnea in COPD: A Controlled Clinical Trial of Dyspnea Management Strategies [39] | | 0.114 | 0.178 | 0.000 |
| Efficacy of Pursed-Lips Breathing: A Breathing Pattern Retraining Strategy for Dyspnea Reduction [40] | | | | 0.281 |
| EMT versus Control [40] | | | | 0.234 |
| Diaphragmatic Breathing Training Program Improves Abdominal Motion during Natural Breathing in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial [41] | 0.050 | | | 1.137 |
| Effects of Singing Classes on Pulmonary Function and Quality of Life of COPD Patients [42] | | | | 1.484 |
| Singing Teaching as a Therapy for Chronic Respiratory Disease: A RCT and Qualitative Evaluation [43] | | 0.392 | 0.507 | 0.323 |
| Yoga Therapy Decreases Dyspnea-Related Distress and Improves Functional Performance in People with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Pilot Study [24] | 0.325 | 0.134 | 0.246 | 0.151 |
| Effectiveness of a Tai Chi Qigong Program in Promoting Health-Related Quality of Life and Perceived Social Support in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Clients [44] | | | | 0.019 |
| Exercise Group versus Control Group [44] | | | | 0.140 |
| Functional and Psychosocial Effects of Health Qigong in Patients with COPD: A Randomized Controlled Trial [45] | | | | 1.333 |
| Singing Classes for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial [46] | | 0.110 | 0.708 | 0.099 |
| Role of Pranayama in Rehabilitation of COPD Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study [25] | 1.950 | | | 2.174 |
| Adjunct Treatment with Yoga in Chronic Severe Airways Obstruction [47] | 0.145 | | | |
| Pulmonary Rehabilitation Improves Depression, Anxiety, Dyspnea, and Health Status in Patients with COPD [48] | | 0.790 | 1.169 | 0.897 |
| Effectiveness of Incorporating Tai Chi in Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients in Primary Health Care (COPD) [49] | −0.140 | | | 0.102 |
| Short-Form Sun-Style Tai Chi as an Exercise Training Modality in People with COPD [50] | | 0.632 | 0.283 | 0.527 |
| Relaxation to Reduce Dyspnea and Anxiety in COPD Patients [51] | | 1.154 | | |
| One-Session Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Elderly Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease [52] | | 0.086 | 0.084 | −0.029 |
| Effects of Psychotherapy in Moderately Severe COPD: A Pilot Study [53] | | 1.414 | 1.414 | 0.824 |
| Comparison of the Effectiveness of Music and Progressive Muscle Relaxation for Anxiety in COPD: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study [54] | | 0.042 | | |
| Relax and Breathe Deeply: A Quick Relaxation Training for People with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease [55] [submitted] | 0.678 | 0.821 | | |
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