Research Article

Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antifungal Properties of Alchornea laxiflora (Benth.) Pax. & Hoffman

Table 1

The sensitivity patterns, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) exhibited by Alchornea laxiflora crude leaf extract against tested bacterial isolates.

Bacterial isolatesZones of inhibition
A. laxiflora
(25 mg/mL)
Streptomycin
(1 mg/mL)
MIC 
(mg/mL)
MBC
(mg/mL)

Staphylococcus aureus (NCIB 8588)14 ± 0.0020 ± 1.001.563.13
Staphylococcus aureus (SW)19 ± 1.0020 ± 0.501.563.13
Staphylococcus aureus (SW)20 ± 0.0020 ± 1.413.136.25
Staphylococcus aureus (SS)18 ± 0.5020 ± 1.413.136.25
Staphylococcus aureus (SS)20 ± 0.0020 ± 0.001.566.25
Staphylococcus aureus (SS)22 ± 0.0020 ± 1.411.563.13
Staphylococcus aureus (NC)15 ± 0.0020 ± 1.4112.5025.00
Staphylococcus aureus (NC)17 ± 0.0020 ± 0.503.1312.50
Staphylococcus aureus (NC)23 ± 0.5020 ± 0.713.1312.50
Staphylococcus aureus (NC)14 ± 0.0020 ± 0.006.2512.50
Micrococcus luteus (NCIB 196)15 ± 1.0018 ± 0.711.566.25
Pseudomonas fluorescens (NCIB 3756)12 ± 0.0020 ± 0.001.563.13
Bacillus cereus (NCIB 6349)23 ± 0.5021 ± 1.223.136.25
Clostridium sporogenes (NCIB 532)22 ± 1.0024 ± 0.713.136.25
Shigella species (ST)21 ± 0.5011 ± 0.003.136.25
Shigella species (ST)24 ± 0.5011 ± 0.003.136.25
Shigella species (ST)21 ± 1.0011 ± 0.003.136.25
Bacillus stearothermophilus (NCIB 8222)20 ± 0.0021 ± 1.583.133.13
Escherichia coli (NCIB 86)14 ± 0.5011 ± 0.0025.00ND
Escherichia coli (ST)21 ± 0.50025.00ND
Escherichia coli (ST)14 ± 0.00025.00ND
Escherichia coli (ST)20 ± 0.0011 ± 0.7125.00ND
Klebsiella pneumoniae (NCIB 418)14 ± 0.0003.131.56
Klebsiella pneumoniae (SS)14 ± 0.0003.136.25
Klebsiella pneumoniae (SS)16 ± 0.50025.006.25
Klebsiella pneumoniae (SS)16 ± 0.00025.00ND
Bacillus subtilis (NCIB 3610)16 ± 1.0019 ± 0.891.566.25
Bacillus polymyxa (ES)15 ± 0.0018 ± 0.000.781.56
Clostridium pyogenes (ES)17 ± 1.0020 ± 0.003.136.25
Enterococcus faecalis (NCIB 775)21 ± 0.5020 ± 0.006.2512.50
Proteus vulgaris (ES)14 ± 0.0016 ± 1.411.566.25
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ES)16 ± 1.5003.136.25
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ES)12 ± 0.00012.5025.00
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ES)16 ± 0.00012.5025.00
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ES)17 ± 0.50012.50ND
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ES)16 ± 0.50012.50ND
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ES)17 ± 0.00025.00ND
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ES)16 ± 0.00012.5025.00
Bacillus anthracis (ES)17 ± 1.0019 ± 0.716.2525.00

NCIB: National Collection of Industrial Bacteriology; : mean of three replicates; streptomycin: positive control; 0: no activity; ND: not determined; SW: surgical wound isolate; SS: sepsis wound isolate; NC: nasal cavity isolate; ST: stool isolate; ES: environmental isolate.