Clinical Efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suan Zao Ren Tang, for Sleep Disturbance during Methadone Maintenance: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Table 1
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants.
Variable
SZRT ( = 45)
Placebo ( = 45)
Total ( = 90)
/ valuea
value
Age (years)
40.6 ± 7.2
38.6 ± 6.9
39.6 ± 7.1
1.34
0.18
Gender (male)
34 (75.6%)
38 (84.4%)
72 (80%)
1.11
0.29
Duration of methadone maintenance (months)
25.4 ± 19.8
19.6 ± 19.7
22.5 ± 19.8
1.40
0.17
Recent heroin use (yes)
24 (53.3%)
24 (53.3%)
48 (53.3%)
0.00
1.00
Recent amphetamine use (yes)
11 (24.4%)
7 (15.6%)
18 (20%)
1.11
0.29
Heroin use (years)
8.8 ± 5.7
9.9 ± 5.8
9.4 ± 5.7
−0.84
0.40
Amphetamine use (years)
4.9 ± 6.0
6.1 ± 6.9
5.5 ± 6.5
−0.85
0.40
Methadone dosage (mg)
58.9 ± 32.5
52.4 ± 30.6
55.7 ± 31.6
0.97
0.34
PSQI total scores
11.6 ± 3.6
11.5 ± 2.5
11.5 ± 3.1
0.10
0.92
Total time in bed (min)
446.6 ± 104.2
489.8 ± 111.5
468.2 ± 109.5
−1.90
0.06
Total sleep time (min)
342.6 ± 95.2
377.0 ± 101.1
359.8 ± 99.2
−1.66
0.10
Sleep efficiency (%)
76.5 ± 11.3
79.0 ± 11.1
77.8 ± 11.2
−1.05
0.30
Sleep onset latency (min)
41.5 ± 36.7
38.8 ± 18.9
40.1 ± 29.0
0.45
0.66
BAI
15.0 ± 11.3
12.4 ± 13.9
13.7 ± 12.6
0.96
0.34
BDI-II
18.3 ± 14.3
14.4 ± 14.2
16.4 ± 14.4
1.27
0.21
Heroin craving score (mm)
25.3 ± 28.1
33.7 ± 34.6
29.6 ± 31.6
−1.22
0.22
Note: data are presented as mean ± SD or number (%). aComparison between SZRT group and placebo group by or unpaired -test. PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; BAI, Beck Anxiety Inventory; BDI-II, Beck Depression Inventory II.
