Overcome Cancer Cell Drug Resistance Using Natural Products

Table 2

Natural products that can overcome drug resistance and inhibit drug transporters.

Compound name	Dose	Drug target^1	Cell model	Chemodrug	IDS^2	Reference
Single compound
Apigenin	15 μM	MDR1	HCT/5FU	5-Fluorouracil	5.8	[79]
Arsenic Trioxide	0.15–0.4 μM	MDR1 and MRP	Various	Various	2.1–3.0	[80–82]
Artemisinin	40 μM	MDR1	MCF7/ADR	Doxorubicin	3.6	[83]
Artesunate	20 μg/mL	MDR1	SP2/0/ADM	Doxorubicin	4.2	[84]
Baicalin	20–300 μg/mL	MDR1 and MRP1	Various	Doxorubicin	6.3–7.8	[85, 86]
Berbamine	20 μM	MDR1	MCF7/ADR	Doxorubicin	28.3	[87]
Berberine	20 μM	MDR1	HCT8/VCR	Vincristine	3.6	[88]
Carnosic acid	5 μg/mL	MDR1	K562/A02	Doxorubicin	12.1	[89]
Chelerythrine	0.1 μM	MDR1	MCF7/Taxel	Paclitaxel	5.9	[90]
Curcumin	2.5–25 μM	MDR1	Various	Various	4.6–4.8	[91, 92]
Elemene	4–18 μg/mL	MDR1 and MRP	Various	Various	3.1–4.1	[93–95]
Ephedrine	75 μg/mL	MDR1	K562/A02	Daunorubicin	5.7	[96]
Epigallocatechin gallate	2–80 μM	MDR1 and ABCG2	Various	Various	2.7–24.2	[97, 98]
Gambogic acid	4 μg/mL	MDR1	SW480/L-OHP	Oxaliplatin	3.7	[99]
Ginsenoside Rb1	80 μM	MDR1	HL60/VCR	Vincristine	2.7	[100]
Ginsenoside Rg3	10–40 μg/mL	MDR1, MRP, and LRP	Various	Various	7.3–11	[101, 102]
Neferine	10–20 μM	MDR1 and MRP	SGC7901/VCR	Various	3.3–43.8	[103–105]
Oridonin	3 μM	MDR1	K562/A02	Various	9.2	[106]
Oxymatrine	0.8 mg/mL	MDR1	MCF7/ADM	Doxorubicin	3.3	[107]
Peimine	400 μg/mL	LRP	A549/DDP	Cisplatin	3.7	[108]
Psoralen	20 μg/mL	MDR1	MCF7/ADR	Doxorubicin	11.8	[109]
Quercetin	Various	MDR1 and MRP1	Various	Various	2.3–22.0	[110, 111]
Sodium norcantharidate	5 μg/mL	MDR1 and MRP	A549/DPP	Cisplatin	2.0	[112]
Tetramethylpyrazine	200–320 μg/mL	MDR1	Various	Doxorubicin	2.1–5.2	[113–115]
Tetrandrine	1 μM	MDR1	Hep3B/ADM	Doxorubicin	12.7	[116]
Single herbal extract
Brucea Javanica	55.3–125 μg/mL	MDR1 and MRP	Various	Various	2.1–5.8	[117, 118]
Cinobufacini	?	MDR1 and MRP1	Raji/ADR	Doxorubicin	255.7	[119]
Grape seed polyphenols	2.4–6.0 μg/mL	MDR1	Various	Various	3.4–4.5	[120, 121]
Hyaluronate Oligomers	100 μg/mL	MDR1 and MRP	MCF7/ADM	Doxorubicin	2.0	[122]
Jew ear	8–10 μg/mL	MDR1 and MRP	Various	Various	2.2–5.6	[123–125]
Radix notoginseng	200 μg/mL	MDR1	Various	Various	5.6	[126, 127]
Rhizoma pinelliae	6.5 μg/mL	MDR1	K562/A02	Doxorubicin	3.6	[128]
Realgar	25 μg/mL	MDR1	MCF7/ADM	Doxorubicin	2.8	[129]
Thallus laminariae	70–78 μg/mL	MDR1	Various	Doxorubicin	4.7–5.0	[130, 130]

Levels of protein or mRNA or both were quantified.
IDS, increase in drug sensitivity (-fold).
IDS = IC50 in control group/IC50 in experimental group.