Chronic Treatment with a Water-Soluble Extract from the Culture Medium of Ganoderma lucidum Mycelia Prevents Apoptosis and Necroptosis in Hypoxia/Ischemia-Induced Injury of Type 2 Diabetic Mouse Brain

Figure 2

Effects of chronic pretreatment with MAK (1 g/kg) on neuronal cell death in the ischemic penumbra. Representative photographs obtained by H&E staining from the coronal brain sections, including the ischemic penumbral cortex (a) and hippocampus CA1 region (c) at 24 h of reoxygenation after H/I in the mice. Arrow: necrotic neuron with shrunken, often angular nucleus with hypereosinophilic cytoplasm, white arrow: apoptotic neuron with fragmented nucleus, and arrow head: vacuolation. The severity of the histopathological findings (upper panels: necrotic cell death, lower panels: vacuolation of the regions) in the ischemic penumbral cortex (b) and hippocampus CA1 region (d) was scored as (0) normal, (1) minimal, (2) mild, (3) moderate, and (4) marked; in each group.