Natural products Experimental models Pathways Effects Reference Polysaccharide HAF0 of Monostroma arcticum Human blood (in vitro ) IN & CO Prolonging APTT and TT, but without PT [80 ] Total saponin of Polygala fallax Hesml. Rabbit blood (in vitro ) IN Prolonging APTT and RT and fibrinogen clotting time, but without PT [81 ] Borneol Rat blood (ex vivo ) EX & CO Prolonging PT and TT and inhibition of arteriovenous shunt as well as venous thrombosis [97 ] Withaferin A of Withania somnifera Human blood (ex vivo ) IN & CO Prolonging APTT and PT and inhibition of thrombin, FXa formation, and TNF-α induced PAI-1 production as well as extending in vivo and ex vivo bleeding time [86 ] Saline extract of Hirudinaria manillensis Rat blood (ex vivo ) IN, EX & CO Prolonging APTT, PT, and TT [98 ] Total glycosides of paeony Rabbit blood (in vitro ) IN, EX & CO Prolonging APTT, TT, and PT [90 ] 95% ethanol extract of Ferula lehmannii Boiss. Rat blood (ex vivo ) IN, EX & CO Prolonging APTT, TT, and PT [99 ] Dilinoleic acid, safflower yellow, and compatibility preparation Rat blood (ex vivo ) IN & EX Prolonging APTT, TT, CT, and BT [100 ] Aqueous extract of Whitmania pigra Whitman Rat blood (in vitro ) IN & EX Prolonging APTT as well as TT and suppression of fibrinogen formation [101 ] Phlorotannins STP-1 and STP-2 of Sargassum thunbergii Kuntze Rabbit blood (in vitro ) IN, EX & CO Prolonging APTT, TT, PT, CT, and BT [102 ] Sulfated polysaccharides of Hizikia fusiformis Rat/Rabbit blood (in vivo/in vitro ) IN Prolonging rats BT, CT in vivo, and rabbits APTT in vitro [103 ] Hyperoside of Rhododendron brachycarpum Rat blood (ex vivo ) IN & EX Prolonging APTT and PT [82 ] Polysaccharide of Umbilicaria esculenta Rat blood (in vitro ) IN, EX & CO Prolonging APTT, PT, and TT [83 ] Sulfated (1→3)-Codium vermilara Human blood (in vitro ) IN, EX & CO Prolonging APTT, PT, and TT [104 ] Wogonin and wogonoside of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi Human blood (in vitro ) IN & EX Prolonging APTT and PT and inhibition of the activities and production of THR and FXa [88 ] Crude extracts of Erigeron canadensis L. Human blood (in vitro ) IN & EX Prolonging APTT and PT [89 ]
