Metabolomics Analysis of Seminal Plasma in Infertile Males with Kidney-Yang Deficiency: A Preliminary Study

Table 1

Abnormity in semen analysis of infertile males with KYDS.

Abnormity in semen analysis	Number of patients
Oligozoospermia	1
Asthenozoospermia	6
Teratozoospermia	7
Leukospermia	1
Low vitality	5
Low semen volume	8
Delayed liquefaction	7
Low semen pH	13

The WHO 1999 normal reference values [15] were used for the assessment of semen analysis, except for the assessment of teratozoospermia and vitality, which are based on the WHO 2010 criteria [16].