Molecular and Functional Characterization of Bacopa monniera: A Retrospective Review

Table 1

Summary of Bacopa monniera treatment effects on serotonergic system and its associated pathway.

Neurotransmitters	Effects	Genes; (mRNA)	Effects	Genes; (Protein)	Effects	References
Serotonin	↑	Tph2	↑			[35]
		SERT	↑
Serotonin; Dopamine; Acetylcholine; GABA; Glutamate	↑; ↓; ↑; ↑; ↑	5-HT1A	—
		5-HT2A	↑
		5-HT3A	↑
		5-HT4	—			[41]
		5-HT5	—
		5-HT6	—
		5-HT7	↓
		Nrf2	↑	SYP; SYT; t-αCaMKII; p-αCaMKII; PSD-95	↑; ↑; ↑; ↑; ↑	[43]
		Dicer; Ago2; miR-124; Creb1	↓; ↓; ↓; ↑	DICER; AGO2; t-CREB1/2; p-CREB1/2	↓; ↓; ↑; ↑	[39]
		Bdnf; PP1α	↑; ↓	t-ERK1/2	↑
				p-ERK1/2	↑
				t-CREB1/2	↑
				p-CREB1/2	↑
				Ac-H3	↑	[42]
				Ac-H4	↑
				HDAC1	↓
				HDAC2	↓
				p300	↑
				PP2A	↓

↓: decrease; ↑: increase.