Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities of Selected Wild Berries (Rubus moluccanus L., R. fraxinifolius Poir., and R. alpestris Blume)

Table 4

Antibacterial activities of Rubus species against common pathogenic bacteria.

Species	Gram positive		Gram negative
	B. subtilis	S. aureus	E. coli	S. enteritidis
R. moluccanus	7.33 ± 0.29	7.67 ± 0.58	7.00 ± 0.50	7.17 ± 0.58
R. fraxinifolius	0.00	6.67 ± 1.15	7.00 ± 0.87	7.17 ± 1.15
R. alpestris	7.83 ± 1.26	7.33 ± 0.76	7.67 ± 0.58	8.50 ± 1.80
Kanamycin	12.67 ± 1.53	11.83 ± 0.76	12.67 ± 0.58	11.83 ± 0.76

Values are presented as mean ± SD () which, with different letters (within column), are significantly different at .