Modes of Antiviral Action of Chemical Portions and Constituents from Woad Root Extract against Influenza Virus A FM1

Figure 2

Effect of different dilutions of pure compounds and chemical portions from woad root on the viability of MDCK cells preinfected with 100 TCID₅₀ of influenza A H1N1 virus: (a) microscopic analysis; (b) MTT assay; (c) cell protection rate (%). CB: clemastanin B; PEP + ALK + OA: the mixtures of phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, and organic acid portions. Cell control: normal MDCK cells without virus infection and drugs treatment; virus control: cells infected with the virus without drug treatments. Ribavirin (1 : 4): error bars represent standard deviation. The asterisks indicate a significant difference between the test samples and the virus control according to Student’s -test.

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