Research Article
Role of the ER/NO/cGMP Signaling Pathway in the Promotion of Osteogenic Differentiation of Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Actaea racemosa Extract
Figure 3
Induction of osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs by adding AR; ICI 182,780; and L-NAME to the osteogenic induction medium for 8 days. ALP activity, OC and OPG contents, and ALP mRNA expression and calcium ion deposit levels were determined. (a) ALP activity for indicated groups. (b) ALP mRNA expression levels for various groups. (c) OC content for indicated groups. (d) OPG content for various groups. (e and f) Levels of calcium ion deposits for various groups. versus control; ▲ versus AR. Concentration of AR was 10−4 g/L; ICI 182,780 was 10−6 mol/L; L-NAME was 6 × 10−3 mol/L; and the control was 0.1% ethanol (v/v).
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