Relationship of the Cold-Heat Sensation of the Limbs and Abdomen with Physiological Biomarkers
Table 3
Difference in anthropometric characteristic and thermoregulation parameters across Cold-Heat sensation score groups.
ANOVA
ANCOVA
Cold
Medium
Warm
Medium versus Cold
Warm versus Cold
Warm versus Medium
Hand score
253
210
271
Weight (kg)
58.5 (9.3)
63.3 (9.8)
69.1 (11.5)
<0.001
−0.33
−0.41
−0.08
BMI (kg/m2)
21.5 (2.3)
22.8 (2.5)
24.2 (3.0)
<0.001
0.36†
0.74‡
0.38†
Body fat mass (kg)
14.4 (4.3)
15.4 (5.1)
17.0 (6.0)
<0.001
−0.17
−0.07
0.10
Percent body fat (%)
24.7 (6.9)
24.5 (7.6)
24.6 (7.7)
0.948
0.01
0.19
0.18
Warm capacity (kcal/°C)
42.9 (7.2)
46.5 (7.5)
50.7 (8.5)
<0.001
−0.20
−0.30
−0.09
REE (kcal/d)
1369.1 (313.2)
1467.8 (339.3)
1595.2 (401.9)
<0.001
−5.75
−25.14
−19.39
(°C/hr)
1.33 (0.19)
1.31 (0.21)
1.31 (0.24)
0.61
0.00
−0.01
−0.01
Leg score
302
267
165
Weight (kg)
58.8 (9.0)
65.9 (10.7)
69.4 (12.1)
<0.001
0.03
−0.14
−0.18
BMI (kg/m2)
21.8 (2.4)
23.4 (2.7)
24.1 (3.2)
<0.001
0.31
0.52‡
0.22
Body fat mass (kg)
15.0 (4.6)
15.9 (5.4)
16.3 (6.2)
0.025
−0.36
−0.42
−0.06
Percent body fat (%)
25.7 (6.9)
24.1 (7.7)
23.4 (7.5)
0.002
−0.73
−0.69
0.04
Warm capacity (kcal/°C)
43.0 (6.9)
48.4 (8.0)
51.1 (8.8)
<0.001
0.15
0.03
−0.13
REE (kcal/d)
1362.3 (308.5)
1531.6 (355.7)
1615.6 (419.8)
<0.001
7.04
−16.43
−23.47
(°C/hr)
1.32 (0.19)
1.32 (0.21)
1.32 (0.26)
0.984
0.00
−0.01
−0.02
Abdomen score
204
404
126
Weight (kg)
60.9 (10.1)
64.1 (11.0)
67.4 (12.6)
<0.001
−0.10
−0.75
−0.64
BMI (kg/m2)
22.6 (2.9)
22.8 (2.8)
23.6 (3.0)
0.004
−0.06
0.28
0.34
Body fat mass (kg)
16.6 (5.4)
15.1 (5.0)
15.8 (5.9)
0.003
−0.43
−0.46
−0.03
Percent body fat (%)
27.3 (7.2)
23.6 (7.1)
23.4 (7.4)
<0.001
−0.64
−0.40
0.24
Warm capacity (kcal/°C)
44.1 (7.4)
47.2 (8.3)
49.7 (9.2)
<0.001
0.06
−0.46
−0.52
REE (kcal/d)
1349.8 (295.8)
1512.8 (365.4)
1590.4 (420.8)
<0.001
40.51
22.22
−18.29
(°C/hr)
1.28 (0.19)
1.33 (0.21)
1.33 (0.26)
0.006
0.03
0.03
0.00
For ANOVA analysis, data are presented as mean (SD). For ANCOVA, data are presented as mean difference. “Medium versus Cold” and “Warm versus Cold” and “Cold” responses were employed as the reference; “Warm versus Medium” and “Medium” responses were employed as the reference. All analyses were adjusted for age, gender, and BMI. ANCOVA analysis for BMI was adjusted from age, gender, and body weight. Significant level: ; ; .
