Immunomodulatory Efficacy of Standardized Annona muricata (Graviola) Leaf Extract via Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways in RAW 264.7 Macrophages

Figure 3

Cytotoxicity of GE in RAW 264.7 cells. Cells were treated with steam or 50% ethanol GE at various concentrations for 24 h (a) or 48 h (b). Cell viability was measured by XTT assay after incubation. The results were expressed as a percentage relative to the vehicle-treated control. The data were expressed as mean ± SEM. p < 0.05 versus vehicle-treated control.

(a)

(b)