Immunomodulatory Efficacy of Standardized Annona muricata (Graviola) Leaf Extract via Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways in RAW 264.7 Macrophages

Figure 6

Effect of GE on nitrite production in RAW 264.7 cells. Cells were treated with the steam (a) or 50% ethanol (b) GE at various concentrations for 24 h. The culture media were collected to measure nitrite level using Griess reagent. The data were expressed as mean ± SEM. p < 0.05 versus vehicle-treated control. p < 0.05 versus GE-treated group.

(a)

(b)