Reproductive Toxicity of Zishen Yutai Pill in Rats: The Fertility and Early Embryonic Development Study (Segment I)

Table 3

Changes in epididymal sperm number and motility in male rats.

Terms	Vehicle control group	Positive control group	Zishen Yutai Pill-treated groups
			Low dose-treated group	Moderate dose-treated group	High dose-treated group
Epididymal weight (g)	0.175 ± 0.033	0.158 ± 0.028	0.180 ± 0.026	0.167 ± 0.028	0.183 ± 0.036
Sperm density (10^6/mL)	22.3 ± 14.7	12.5 ± 12.6	16.7 ± 9.2	21.4 ± 11.2	18.2 ± 10.7
Motile sperm density (10^6/mL)	12.9 ± 9.8	6.6 ± 9.9	12.1 ± 8.8	14.5 ± 10.9	11.3 ± 8.8
Progressive sperm density (10^6/mL)	3.5 ± 2.8	1.9 ± 3.2	3.3 ± 2.2	4.0 ± 2.9	3.3 ± 2.6
Percentage of sperm motility (%)	55.6 ± 24.8	44.4 ± 22.6	66.6 ± 15.7	59.9 ± 26.5	54.5 ± 26.9
Percentage of rapid activities (%)	46.7 ± 23.1	37.7 ± 20.2	58.6 ± 14.4	51.7 ± 23.5	47.5 ± 25.4
Sperm count (10^6/g)	131.9 ± 94.0	76.9 ± 58.9	94.6 ± 55.4	125.6 ± 53.8	102.2 ± 59.4
Average path velocity (m)	196.5 ± 35.5	201.2 ± 39.3	217.8 ± 20.1	213.8 ± 44.3	211.1 ± 44.1
Straight-line velocity (mm/s)	132.8 ± 23.2	134.3 ± 33.5	147.7 ± 16.6	144.7 ± 33.7	145.2 ± 30.8
Curvilinear velocity (mm/s)	337.1 ± 71.5	349.4 ± 81.3	371.0 ± 45.2	360.9 ± 87.7	357.6 ± 78.7
Amplitude of lateral head displacement (mm)	13.6 ± 3.6	13.2 ± 3.3	14.7 ± 1.9	14.1 ± 4.2	13.9 ± 3.7
Beat-cross frequency (HZ)	16.6 ± 4.4	16.2 ± 4.6	15.8 ± 2.7	17.7 ± 8.0	15.4 ± 4.0
Straightness (%)	67.0 ± 7.7	63.9 ± 5.9	65.3 ± 3.3	64.8 ± 6.4	66.8 ± 3.0
Linearity (%)	43.0 ± 9.4	40.2 ± 6.9	41.4 ± 3.9	41.6 ± 5.2	42.3 ± 3.8
Elongation (%)	29.7 ± 8.1	28.4 ± 13.7	28.0 ± 3.8	31.5 ± 13.9	27.4 ± 5.3
Area (m^2)	230.8 ± 49.6	857.8 ± 3251.5	229.9 ± 39.5	881.1 ± 3251.4	221.3 ± 49.3
Abnormal sperm count (/1000)	14.7 ± 1.8	69.7 ± 5.5	15.8 ± 1.7	16.3 ± 2.8	16.6 ± 3.6

⁢ and compared with the vehicle control group.