Diabetic Osteoporosis: A Review of Its Traditional Chinese Medicinal Use and Clinical and Preclinical Research

Table 3

Single herb or herbal extracts used in the treatment of DOP animals.

TCM name	Active constituents	Animal model	Administration route, duration, and dosage	Reference
Fructus Ligustri Lucidi	Water fraction of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi ethanol extract	STZ (40 mg/Kg)	Intragastric administration (i.g.) (574 mg/kg) for 6 weeks	[25]
Radix et Rhizoma Salvia miltiorrhiza	—	Alloxan (200 mg/kg)	i.g. (5 g/kg) for 8 weeks	[26, 27]
Rhizoma Chuanxiong	Tetramethylpyrazine	STZ (60 mg/Kg)	i.g. (100 mg/kg) for 15 weeks	[28]
Cortex Eucommiae	Ethanol extracts of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. leaves	STZ combined with OVX	i.g. (6 g/kg) for 8 weeks	[29]
Radix Puerariae	Puerarin	STZ (65 mg/Kg)	i.g. (100 mg/kg) for 6 weeks	[30, 31]
Aralia echinocaulis Hand-Mazz	The flavonesof Aralia echinocaulis Hand-Mazz	STZ (30 mg/kg)	i.g. (20 mg/kg) for 6 weeks	[32]
—	Quercetin	STZ	i.g. (5, 30 and, 50 mg/kg) for 8 weeks	[33]
Vitis vinifera L. seeds	—	STZ (60 mg/kg)	i.g (0.028 mg/kg every other day) for 16 weeks	[34]
Nigella sativa L.	Thymoquinone	STZ (50 mg/kg)	i.g. (2 mL/kg) for 4 weeks	[35–38]

Note: “—” denotes that the content was not clearly stated in the cited reference.