The Induction of Apoptosis in A375 Malignant Melanoma Cells by Sutherlandia frutescens

Figure 9

Z-VAD-fmk prevents the externalization of PS following S. frutescens treatment. Representative scatterplots of FITC-labelled annexin V and PI for cells pretreated with 20 μM Z-VAD-fmk followed by treatment with S. frutescens for (a) 24 h, (b) 48 h, and (c) 72 h. The percentage of the cell population ± the SEM () that is in Q1 (necrotic), Q2 (late apoptotic), Q3 (viable), or Q4 (early apoptotic) is shown on the scatterplots. A comparison between the percentages of the cell population ± the SEM () that is (d) necrotic, (e) late apoptotic, (f) viable, or (g) early apoptotic in cells treated with S. frutescens in the absence or presence of Z-VAD-fmk; indicates a significant difference compared to the control-treated cells; indicates a significant difference compared to the cells treated with S. frutescens alone ().

(a) S. frutescens + Z-VAD-fmk (24 h)

(b) S. frutescens + Z-VAD-fmk (48 h)

(c) S. frutescens + Z-VAD-fmk (72 h)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)