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TCMs | Isolated from the Chinese herb (Chinese name) | Anti-inflammatory actions | Models | References |
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Puerarin | Ge Gen | TLR4↓, MyD88↓, NF-κBp65↓, TNF-α↓ | MCAo 1.5 h of ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion | [41] |
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Tetramethylpyrazine | Chuan Xiong | TLR4↓, HMGB1↓, Nrf2↑, HO-1↑ | Permanent MCAo 3 d of ischemia | [42] |
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Notoginseng | San Qi | IL-1β↓ | MCAo 2 h of ischemia followed by 22 h of reperfusion | [43] |
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Puerarin | Ge Gen | TNF-α↓, iNOS↓ | MCAo 1 h of ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion | [44] |
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Osthole | She Chuang Zi | TNF-α↓, IL-1β↓, COX-2↓, iNOS↓ | Permanent MCAo 24 h of ischemia | [45] |
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Caffeic acid ester | Deng Zhan Hua | iNOS mRNA↓, TNF-α mRNA↓, IL-1β mRNA↓ | MCAo 1 h of ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion | [46] |
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Arctigenin | Nu Bang Zi | TNF-α↓, IL-1β↓, OX-42↓ | MCAo 2 h of ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion | [47] |
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Schisandrin B | Wu Wei Zi | TNF-α↓, IL-1β↓, MMP-2↓, MMP-9↓, OX-42↓ | MCAo 2 h of ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion | [48] |
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Asiaticoside | Ji Xue Cao | iNOS↓, TNF-α↓, IL-1β↓, IL-6↓ | BCCAo 10 min of ischemia (repeat 2 times) followed by 7 d of reperfusion | [49] |
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Magnolol | Hou Pu | iNOS↓, TNF-α↓, IL-1β↓, IL-6↓, NF-κBp65↓ | BCCAo 1.5 h of ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion | [50] |
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Danhong injection | Dan Shen and Hong Hua | TNF-α↓, IL-1β↓ | MCAo 1.5 h of ischemia followed by 14 d of reperfusion | [51] |
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Gastrodin | Tian Ma | TNF-α↓, IL-1β↓ | MCAo 1 h of ischemia followed by 6 h of reperfusion | [52] |
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Danshen | Dan Shen | IL-10 mRNA↓, TNF-α mRNA↓, IL-10↓, TNF-α↓ | MCAo 1 h of ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion | [53] |
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Guizhi fuling capsules | Gui Zhi, Shao Yao, Mu Dan, Tao Ren, Fu Ling | TNF-α mRNA↓, IL-1β mRNA↓, TNF-α↓, IL-1β↓, IL-10 mRNA↑, IL-10R mRNA↑, IL-10↑, IL-10R↑ | MCAo 2 h of ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion | [54] |
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Gualou Guizhi decoction | Tian Hua Fen, Gui Zhi, Shao Yao, Gan Zao, Sheng Jiang, Da Zao | TNF-α↓, IL-1↓, NF-κBp65↓, IL-10↑ | MCAo 2 h of ischemia followed by 7 d of reperfusion | [55] |
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Paeoniflorin | Shao Yao | TNF-α↓, IL-1β↓, iNOS↓, COX-2↓, 5-LO↓ | MCAo 1.5 h of ischemia followed by 14 d of reperfusion | [56] |
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Paeoniflorin | Shao Yao | COX-2↓, 5-LO↓, iNOS↓ | MCAo 1.5 h of ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion | [57] |
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