Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Amomum xanthioides Exerts Antihepatofibrotic Actions via the Regulation of Fibrogenic Cytokines in a Dimethylnitrosamine-Induced Rat Model

Figure 7

The mRNA expression levels of liver fibrosis-related genes in liver tissues. The analyses of mRNA expression levels were performed to determine the mRNA levels of (a) collagen type 1a1, α-SMA, TGF-β, PDGF-β, and CTGF and (b) TIMP-1, MMP-2, BAMBI, and Smad7 using real-time PCR. Gene expression is presented with the level in the naive group set as 1 after normalization to β-actin. The data are expressed as the mean ± SD (). , compared to the naive group; , , compared to the DMN group.

(a)

(b)