Characterization of the Physiological Response following In Vivo Administration of Astragalus membranaceus

Figure 4

AM effect on cytokine response. Subjects (1, 2, or 3) were administered AM at 1.5 mL extract/kg body weight dose. Blood draws were performed 0 (blue or light grey bars) and 12 (red or black bars) hours after administration and specific cytokine levels measured. Detection limits for all cytokines were 5 pg/mL (5 pg/mL limit is indicated by the black line). Blue and red bars indicate values at or above 5 pg/mL. Light grey and black bars indicate values less than 5 pg/mL (nondetectable). Cytokine levels above normal physiological ranges are indicated by .  values for IL-2R, IFN-γ, and TNF-α are shown.