Physical-Performance Outcomes and Biomechanical Correlates from the 32-Week Yoga Empowers Seniors Study

Table 1

Results for functional performance and flexibility tests ().

Measurement	Baseline ()	16 weeks ()	32 weeks ()	1 ()	Post hoc
					% change	% change
Functional performance
Timed chair Ssand (sec)	12.1 ± 2.3	11.7 ± 2.2	11.1 ± 2.4	5.49 (0.008)	−7.8%	−4.6%
8-foot up and go (sec)	5.2 ± 0.9	5.4 ± 0.9	4.9 ± 0.9	4.79 (0.014)	−5.2%	−8.2%
2 min step (rep.)	75.1 ± 16.7	81.7 ± 17.2	83.7 ± 18.0	3.37 (0.045)	13.3%	3.8%
Vertical reach (cm)	202.0 ± 10.4	202.0 ± 10.3	203.1 ± 10.5	3.20 (0.052)	0.3%	0.3%
Horizontal reach (cm)	33.3 ± 5.8	34.0 ± 4.7	34.8 ± 5.2	0.80 (0.455)	—	—
Flexibility
Back scratch (cm)	−5.8 ± 10.1	−5.7 ± 9.4	−4.5 ± 8.9	1.68 (0.201)	—	—
Sit and reach (cm)	−3.9 ± 10.8	−6.1 ± 11.2	−2.5 ± 9.9	2.99 (0.063)	—	—

and values from repeated-measure ANOVA omnibus tests.
Measurement time points at baseline (), 16 weeks (), and 32 weeks (). No significant differences between and were found in all measurements with a significant value. ns = nonsignificant; — = post hoc analysis was not performed because of nonsignificant value.
Percent change was calculated as an average of individual’s percent change between and .
Percent change was calculated as an average of individual’s percent change between and .
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