| Species | Region | Local name | Plant part used | Traditional use | Reference |
| P. emblica | Bangladesh | | Fruit | Constipation, urinary diseases | [8] | Burma | | Juice/bark | Constipation, hemostasis, keratitis | [8] | Cambodia | | Leaves | Muscle pain, fever | [8] | China | Yuganzi | Fruit | Digestive disease, hypertension, fever, respiratory inflammation | [8] | Fiji | | Fruit | Tonic | [8] | India | Amla, Indian gooseberry | Fruit | Diabetes, chronic diarrhea, inflammation, fever, liver diseases, stomach ulcers, metabolic disorders, skin disorders, beauty care | [3, 4] | Indonesia | | Leaves/fruit | Diarrhea, abdominal pain, stomach Disease, gallbladder disease, bleeding | [8] | Iran | | Fruit | Parasitic | [8] | Iraq | | Fruit | Bleeding, gastrointestinal system disorder | [8] | Nepal | | Stem/fruit/seed | Urination disorder, constipation, bleeding, diarrhea, ophthalmopathy, asthma, bronchitis | [8] | Pakistan | | Fruit | Diarrhea, preterm, skin diseases, gonorrhea, ophthalmopathy, anemia, hair care | [8, 9] | Sri Lanka | | Fruit/whole plant | Constipation, indigestion, keratitis | [8] | Thailand | Makham pom | Juice/bark | Diarrhea, leukorrhagia, cough, parasitosis, gastrointestinal chronic diseases, hair treatment and nourishment, skin care | [8, 10, 11] | Turkey | | Fruit | Diarrhea, dysentery, hemostasis, gastroenteritis | [8] |
| P. reticulatus | Bangladesh | | Whole plant | Edema, constipation, helminthiasis, dysentery, diarrhea, pain | [12] | China | Huangguo yexiazhu | | Inflammation, rheumatism | [13] | India | Pancoli, karineli | Leaves/bark | Urination disorder, fever, smallpox, colic, constipation, diabetes | [12, 14, 15] | Kenya | | | Malaria | [7] | Malaysia | | Leaves | Smallpox, syphilis, asthma, diarrhea, bleeding from gums, diabetes, urination disorder, sores, burn, suppuration, chafe, venereal sores | [16, 17] | Sri Lanka | | Bark/fruit | Enteritis, urination disorder | [15] | Sudan | | | Urination disorder, fever | [15] | Tanzania | | Whole plant/leaves | Dysmenorrhea, gonorrhea, urination disorder, intestinal hemorrhage and anemia, muscle spasms, diarrhea with anal bleeding, promoting fertility, sores | [12, 15] | Thailand | | | Urination disorder, asthma, anemia, fever, thirst, astringent, inflammation | [16] |
| P. niruri | Brazil | Quebra-pedra | Whole plant | Kidney calculi | [18] | China | zhuzicao | Whole plant | Hepatitis, dysentery, enteritis, urinary infection | [19] | Congo | | Whole plant | Malaria | [20] | India | Chanka piedra, bhuiamlki | Fruit/whole plant | Bronchitis, anaemia, leprosy, asthma, kidney calculi, ulcer, wound, sore, scabies, ring worm, jaundice, gonorrhea, menstruation, diabetes | [18, 21–23] | Indonesia | | Whole plant | Viral infection, hepatitis | [22] | Latin America | Chanca piedra | Whole plant | Gallstone, kidney calculi, fever, excess uric acid | [6, 18, 24] | Malaysia | Dukong anak | Whole plant | Diarrhoea, kidney disorder, gonorrhea, cough | [22] | Thailand | | Aerial parts | Anorexia, malaria | [18] |
| P. muellerianus | Africa | | | Malaria | [25] | Cameroon | Mbolongo | Stem bark | Wound, tetanus | [26] | Ghana | | | Wound | [27] | Ivory Coast | | Leaves | Fever | [26] | Nigeria | | Root | Fever | [26] | Zambia | | leaves | Fever | [26] |
| P. amarus | Africa | | Whole plant | Urinary concretions, dysentery, jaundice, diarrhoea | [28] | India | Bhuiamlki | Whole plant | Gastropathy, diarrhoea, dysentery, intermittent fevers, ophthalmopathy, scabies, ulcers, wound, malaria, jaundice, diabetes, asthma, hepatitis, tuberculosis, urinary diseases, bodyache, immunomodulatory | [29–34] | Nigeria | | Leaves | Diabetes mellitus, obesity, hyperlipidemia, malaria | [35, 36] | Peru | Chanca piedra | Leaves | Diabetes, jaundice, kidney diseases, urination disorder, sedative, astringent, tonic | [37] | Thailand | Look tai bai | | Gonorrhea, jaundice, diabetes, liver diseases | [5] |
| P. urinaria | China | Yexiazhu | Whole plant | Kidney calculi, painful disorder, jaundice, enteritis, diarrhea, dropsy, inflammation | [38–41] | India | | | Inflammation, diarrheal, kidney calculi, painful disorder | [38, 39] | Thailand | Look tai bai | | Inflammation, diarrheal, gonorrhea, jaundice, diabetes | [5, 38] |
| P. acidus | India | Harfarauri | Fruit/leaves/roots | Jaundice, constipation, vomiting, biliousness, urinary concretions, piles, fever, smallpox, rheumatism, asthma, hepatic disease, diabetes, gonorrhea, ophthalmopathy, amnesia, psoriasis | [42, 43] | Thailand | Otaheiti gooseberry, star gooseberry, mayom | Leaves/bark/root | Constipation, alcoholic addicts, hypertension, fever, dermatitis, menstruation fever | [44–46] |
| P. debilis | India | Bhuiamlki | | Swelling, intestinal worms, fever, wound, inflammation, rheumatism | [34] | Sri Lanka | | | Diabetes | [47] |
| P. simplex | India | Bhuiaveli, uchchiyusirika | Leaves/whole plant | Ophthalmopathy, gonorrhea, jaundice, mammary abscess, pruritus, diarrhea, hepatitis, urinary infection | [48, 49] | China | Huang zhuzicao | | Ophthalmopathy, diarrhea, hepatitis, urinary infection | [49] |
| P. discoideus | Cameroon | | | Insomnia, epilepsy | [50] |
| P. fraternus | India | Bhuiamlki | Whole plant | Constipation, jaundice, hepatic disorder, kidney disorders, bacterial infection | [29, 51, 52] |
| P. hookeri | India | | | Diabetes, wound, fever, inflammation, snake bite, bacterial infection | [34] |
| P. kozhikodianus | India | | | Dysentery, jaundice, ulcer, itching, bacterial infection | [34] |
| P. maderaspatensis | India | Bhuiamlki | Whole plant | Headache, constipation, diarrhea, edematous, dysentery, fever, ulcer, burn, jaundice, bacterial infection, immunomodulatory | [34, 52] |
| P. nozeranii | India | | | Spasmodic, piles, headache, boils, indigestion, viral and bacterial infection | [34] |
| P. orbicularis | Cuba | | | Jaundice, diabetes, kidney calculi, ulcer, rheumatism, fever | [53, 54] |
| P. piscatorum | Venezuela | | Aerial parts | Wound, fungal infection | [55] |
| P. polyanthus | Kenya | | Root | Sexually transmitted diseases | [56] |
| P. polyphyllus | India | Sirunelli | Leaves | Liver disease | [57] |
| P. rheedii | India | | Whole plant | Diabetes | [58] |
| P. sellowianus | South America | Sarandi blanco | Stems/leaves | Urination disorder, diabetes | [59] |
| P. taxodiifolius | Thailand | | Leaves/twigs | Urination disorder | [60] |
| P. tenellus | Brazil | Erva pombinha, quebra-pedra | Leaves | Urination disorder, kidney calculi | [61] |
| P. virgatus | Thailand | Look tai bai | | Gonorrhea, jaundice, diabetes, liver disease | [5] |
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