Isolation of 4,5-O-Dicaffeoylquinic Acid as a Pigmentation Inhibitor Occurring in Artemisia capillaris Thunberg and Its Validation In Vivo

Figure 1

Inhibitory effect of the A. capillaris extract, active fraction ACMF09, and 4,5-diCQA on melanogenesis in B16-F10 melanocytes. (a) Phase-contrast microscopy of melanocytes showing less pigmented cells after exposure to test samples for 48 hr. Scale bar = 20 µm. (b) Gross appearance of the cell pellets from treated melanocytes. (c) Melanin content in B16-F10 melanocytes treated with the A. capillaris extract, active fraction ACMF09, and 4,5-diCQA. (d) Tyrosinase activity in melanocytes after treatment with the indicated concentrations of test samples. Azelaic acid (AZ) was used as a positive control. The results are expressed as percentages of the untreated control, and the data are mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. compared to the untreated control.

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