Effectiveness of Antihyperglycemic Effect of Momordica charantia: Implication of T-Cell Cytokines

Table 2

Phytochemical compositions of Momordica charantia fruit juice.

Chemical compounds class	Tests	Momordica charantia fruit juice
Alkaloids	General test: Dragendorff reagent	−
	Extraction: Mayer reagent	−
Tannins	Few drips of FeCl3, 1%	++
Flavonoids	Adding four drips of HCl 5% to 1 ml of juice	++
Saponins	Foam index (FI) of diluted aqueous decoction (positive if FI ≥ 100, meaning foam height ≥ 1 cm)	−; (FI < 1 cm)
Triterpenoids	Liebermann-Burchard reaction (acetic anhydride-sulfuric acid 50 : 1)	+
Mucilages	Viscosity study (in absolute ethanol)	+
Coumarins	Addition of 0.5 ml of NH4OH 10%	++
Anthraquinones	Addition of 1 ml NH4OH 25% + 1 ml NaOH	−
Steroids	Acetic anhydride-chloroform + concentrated sulfuric acid	+
Cyanogenic derivates	Grignard reaction soaked paper with picric acid 5%	−

Chemical compounds of Momordica charantia fruit juice. The phytochemical analysis was performed as described in Materials and Methods. (++) high, (+) low indicate the presence of the compounds in the plants; (−) indicates the absence of compound in juice.