|
| Number | Author | Study design | Control group | Experimental group | Outcome | Results |
|
| (1) | Choi et al. [6] | In vivo: KM mice | Normal
()
| EID + TCM | Pregnancy rate | EID + TCM versus EID: ↑ () |
| Implantation sites | EID + TCM versus EID: ↑ () |
| LIF mRNA | EID + TCM versus EID on Pd 4, 6: ↑ ()
EID + TCM versus EID on Pd 5 ↓ ()
EID + TCM versus normal: not significant () |
| LIF protein | EID + TCM versus Normal on Pd 6: not significant EID versus EID + TCM: ↓ ()
EID versus normal: ↓ () |
|
| (2) | Xu et al. [10] | In vivo: KM mice | Normal
()
EID†
EID + Progynova
() | EID + TCM (0.91 g/Kg)
()
EID + TCM (1.82 g/Kg)
()
EID + TCM (3.64 g/Kg)
() | PPARd, IL-11 mRNA | TCM at doses of 1.82 g/kg, 3.64 g/kg versus progynova: ↑
() |
| COX-2 | In gland | EID + TCM, EID + Progynova versus EID: ↑
()
EID + TCM versus Progynova: ↑ () |
| In stroma | not significant () |
| PGI2 | In gland | EID + TCM, EID + Progynova versus EID: ↑
()
EID + TCM at high doses versus EID + Progynova: ↑ () |
| In stroma | EID + TCM versus EID: ↑ () |
| MMP-9 | In gland | EID + TCM, EID + Progynova versus EID: ↑
() |
| In stroma | EID + TCM, EID + Progynova versus EID: ↑
() |
| TIMP-3 | In gland | EID + TCM, EID + Progynova versus EID: ↑
()
EID + TCM at high dose versus EID + Progynova: ↑ () |
| In stroma | not significant () |
|
| (3) | Cui et al. [14] | In vivo: KM mice | Normal
()
COH‡
| COH + TCM (BS) ()
COH + TCM (HX) ()
COH + TCM (BH) () | Endometrial thickness | COH + , COH + HX∥, COH + BH versus COH: ↑
(, <0.0001, <0.0001)
COH + BH vs COH + : ↑ () |
| Microvessel density | COH + , COH + HX∥, COH + versus COH: ↑
(, 0.0003, 0.0004) |
| Pinopodes in the epithelium | COH + HX∥, COH + BH versus COH: ↑ (, 0.0009)
COH + HX∥, COH + BH versus COH + : ↑
(, 0.033) |
|
| (4) | Huang et al. [11] | In vivo: KM mice | Normal
()
| EID + TCM | Pregnancy rate | EID + TCM versus EID: ↑ () |
| Number of implanted blastocysts | EID + TCM versus EID: ↑ () |
| Proliferative index | In gland | EID + TCM versus EID: ↓ ()
EID + TCM versus normal: not significant
() |
| Proliferative index | In stroma | not significant () |
| Apoptotic index | In gland | EID + TCM versus EID: ↑ ()
EID + TCM versus normal: not significant
() |
| Apoptotic index | In stroma | not significant () |
|
| (5) | Sun et al. [15] | In vivo: KM mice | Normal
()
COH‡
| COH + TCM
() | Integrin β3 mRNA | COH + TCM versus COH on Pd 2, 4: ↓ ()
Among 3 groups on Pd 0, 6, 8: not significant () |
| OPN mRNA | COH + TCM versus COH on Pd 4, 6, 8: ↓ ()
Among 3 groups on Pd 0, 2: not significant () |
|
| (6) | Chen et al. [16] | In vivo: KM mice | Normal
()
COH‡ + aspirin | COH + TCM
() | Integrin β3 mRNA | COH + TCM versus aspirin: ↑ () |
| LIF mRNA/β-actin | COH + TCM versus aspirin: ↑ () |
|
| (7) | Yu et al. [18] | In vivo: KM mice | Normal
()
COH‡
| TCM COH + TCM
EID + TCM | Pregnancy rate | COH + TCM versus COH: ↑ ()
EID + TCM versus EID: ↑ ()
TCM versus normal: not significant difference () |
| Implantation sites | TCM versus EID: ↑ ()
EID + TCM versus EID: ↑ () |
| LIF proteins | TCM versus COH, EID: ↑ (, ) |
| Integrin β3 proteins | COH + TCM, EID + TCM versus COH, EID: ↑ (, ) |
| LIF mRNA | TCM versus COH + TCM: ↑ ()
TCM versus EID + TCM: ↑ () |
| Integrin β3 mRNA | TCM versus COH + TCM: ↑ ()
TCM versus EID + TCM: ↑ () |
|
| (8) | Li et al. [12] | In vivo: KM mice | Normal
()
| COH + TCM
() | LCM-DE-MS†† | COH + TCM group showed significant changes in 23 proteins: 7 proteins downregulated‡‡ and 16 proteins up |
|
| (9) | Wu et al. [13] | In vivo: KM mice | Normal
()
| EID + TCM | Pregnancy rate | EID + TCM versus EID: ↑ ()
EID + TCM versus normal: ↓ () |
| Number of Implanted embryos | EID + TCM versus EID: not significant ()
EID + TCM versus normal: ↓ () |
| NF-κВ | EID versus Normal on Pd 5, 6, 7: ↑ ()
EID versus EID + TCM on Pd 5, 6, 7: ↑ ()
EID + TCM versus normal during whole time: not significant () |
| IFN-γ, IL-10 | EID + TCM versus normal: not significant ()
EID + TCM versus EID on Pd 5, 6, 7: ↑ () |
|
| (10) | Choi et al. [9] | In vitro: Ishikawa cells | | | LIF mRNA | PL-PP group showed significant increase dose-dependently () |
| Adhesion of JAr spheroids | PL-PP versus Control: ↑ () |
| In vivo: KM mice | Normal
()
| EID + PL-PP
() | No of implanted embryos | PL-PP versus RU486: ↑ ()
PL-PP versus normal: ↑ () |
|
| (11) | Li et al. [17] | In vivo: KM mice | Normal
()
COH‡
| TCM
() | Number of implanted blastocyst | TCM + model versus model: ↑ () |
| Integrin α mRNA | Model versus TCM, control: ↓ () |
| Integrin β3 mRNA | Model versus TCM, control: ↓ () |
|
