Induction of Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptotic Response of Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma Cells (Detroit 562) by Caffeic Acid and Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Derivative

Figure 2

Cytotoxic effects of CA and CAPE at concentrations 5–100 μM on Detroit 562 cancer cells. These effects are highly concentration-dependent. The percentage of cell death measured by MTT cytotoxicity assay. MTT values represent mean ± SD of three independent cytotoxicity experiments performed in quadruplicate (). The lower concentration of CAPE (25 μM) produced similar killing effect on Detroit 562 cells as 50 μM concentration of CA. Mean cytotoxicity between different concentrations alone was statistically significant above the concentration of 25 μM ( and , ANOVA Friedman ANOVA test, Wilcoxon test). CA and CAPE at concentrations range of 25–100 μM induce cytotoxic effects on HNSCC carcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner and displayed a time-dependent influence during 24 and 48 h of experiment. On the contrary, CA/CAPE concentrations within the range 5–10 μM did not alter markedly the Detroit 562 cells’ viability and indirect proliferation during 24 h and 48 hours of exposure, reflected by only a slight increase of absorbance. value .