Podophyllotoxin Extracted from Juniperus sabina Fruit Inhibits Rat Sperm Maturation and Fertility by Promoting Epididymal Epithelial Cell Apoptosis

Figure 10

Ultrastructural changes in epididymal epithelial cells. The cells were cultured in gradient concentrations of podophyllotoxin for 48 h. (a) 0 μg/mL podophyllotoxin: normal mitochondria (arrow) and cell nucleus (arrow head). (b) 0.01 μg/mL podophyllotoxin: mitochondrial vacuolation (arrow) and nucleus shrinkage (star). (c) 0.1 μg/mL podophyllotoxin: vacuolation (arrow) and nuclear fragmentation (star). (d) 1 μg/mL podophyllotoxin: nuclear condensation and fragmentation (star).

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