Methanol Extract of Holarrhena antidysenterica Inhibits the Growth of Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells and Osteoclastogenesis of Bone Marrow Macrophages

Figure 1

The inhibitory effect of HABE on the growth of oral cancer cells. Ca9-22 and HSC-3 cells (1 × 10³ cells/well) were cultured in serum-free media with the indicated HABE concentrations. (a) After 24 or 72 h of treatment with HABE, the cell viability was determined using an MTT assay. (b) After 24 h of treatment, the amount of newly synthesized DNA was evaluated using a BrdU incorporation assay, and (c) apoptosis and necrosis were assessed with a Cell Death Detection ELISA kit. Data are expressed as the mean ± SE. and versus vehicle-treated cells.

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