Methanol Extract of Holarrhena antidysenterica Inhibits the Growth of Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells and Osteoclastogenesis of Bone Marrow Macrophages

Figure 3

Induction of apoptotic cell death in HABE-treated oral cancer cells. (a) Ca9-22 and HSC-3 cells (1 × 10³ cells/well) were treated with the indicated HABE concentrations in the presence of a pan-caspase inhibitor, zVAD-fmk (10 μM), for 24 h. Cell viability was assessed using an MTT assay. (b) Ca9-22 and HSC-3 cells were treated with the indicated HABE concentrations for 24 h. The levels of Bax, Bcl-2, procaspase 3, and full-length and cleaved PARP were detected by western blot analysis with specific antibodies. The images are representatives of three independent experiments. The ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 was determined after normalization with the GAPDH intensity by densitometry. Data are expressed as the mean ± SE. and versus vehicle alone-treated cells; versus the cells treated with vehicle and zVAD-fmk.

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