External Use of Propolis for Oral, Skin, and Genital Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 3

Characteristics of the included RCTs for genital diseases.

First author, year	Location of propolis production, chemical composition of propolis	Used form of propolis, amount used	Patient’s disease, sample size (randomized/analysed)	Experimental group (intervention, regimen)	Control group (intervention, regimen)	Outcome measures	Main results	AE
Mousavi, 2016 [29]	Iran, n.r.	Cream, 1 session 3 g	Acute vaginitis, 100/100	(A) PVC, , 7 sessions (1 time per day for 7 days)	(B) MVG, , 7 sessions (1 time per day for 7 days)	(1) Amsel’s criteria; (2) Gram stain	(1); (2)	n.r.
Vynograd, 2000 [30]	Canada, n.r.	Ointment, n.r.	Herpes viral infection of genitalia and urogenital tract, 90/90	(A) PO, , 40 sessions (4 times per day for 10 days)	(B) AO, , 40 sessions (4 times per day for 10 days); (C) Placebo ointment, , 40 sessions (4 times per day for 10 days)	(1) Number of patients who were healed; (2) Lesions; ① Crusted lesions; ② Ulcer lesions; ③ Vesicular lesions; (3) Infection of herpetic-bacterial (only for 28 infected women)	(1); (2); ① On day 3,; ② (A) better than (B) but NS; significantly better than (C); ③; (3)	None

; ; .
AE: adverse events; AO: acyclovir ointment; MVG: metronidazole vaginal gel; n.r.: not reported; PO: propolis ointment; positive: (A) significantly better than (B); PVC: propolis vaginal cream.