Extract from Periostracum cicadae Inhibits Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Ultraviolet B Irradiation on HaCaT Keratinocytes

Figure 2

Effects of P. cicadae and herb extracts on MMP-9 and MMP-2 production in UVB-stimulated HaCaT cells. (a) Cell viability. HaCaT cells were exposed to extracts (gray bar) or added after UVB treated (white bar). For gray bar, stands for versus control. For white bar, stands for versus control, stands for versus control, and stands for versus control. After 2 days of exposure, cell viability of the treated cells was examined by means of MTS assay (, ). (b) The MMP-9 and MMP-2 levels were determined by Western blotting and β-actin was used as the loading control. The relative expression levels of MMP-9 (white bar) and MMP-2 (gray bar) were compared to control cells and presented as the mean ± SD for three independent experiments performed in triplicate. (c) The relative expression levels of TM were compared to control cells and presented as the mean ± SD for three independent experiments performed in triplicate. (d) IL-6 was quantified by ELISA in cell culture supernatants 24 hours following UVB and herb extracts (10 μg/mL). Results are expressed as mean ± SEM of five independent experiments. (e) Relative IL-6 mRNA levels were measured by Q-PCR to 52 hours following UVB (20 μg/mL). Histograms represent mean ± SEM of relative mRNA levels after normalization with 18S (-5 independent experiments). Trolox was used as an antioxidant control. H₂O₂ were used to generate hydroxyl radicals. DSR, Divaricate saposhnikovia root; TT, Tribulus ter; PC, P. cicadae; GGT, Ge Gen Tang. or , or , and   or were considered as a significant difference compared to control group ( versus control).

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