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| Number | Authors/year | Targets | Age (years) | Name of herb or formula | Jadad score | Dose/duration | Groups | Main outcomes | Weight (kg) before treatment | Weight (kg) after treatment | Adverse events |
|
| (1) | Lambert et al. (2016) [16] | | 18–70 | Yellow pea fiber | 4 | 15 g/day,
12 weeks | I: yellow pea fiber
C: placebo | Body weight↓
HbAlc↓
Food intake↓
Plasma glucose↓
Satiety↑, regulating gut microbiota | 92.3 ± 4.1 | 91.5 ± 4.0 | No reports |
|
| (2) | Azushima et al, (2015) [17] | | 20–79 | Bofu-tsusho-san (Platycodi, Gypsum Fibrosum, talcum, Paeoniae, Scutellariae, Glycyrrhizae) | 2 | 7.5 g/day,
24 weeks | I: compound
C: placebo | Body weight↓
BMI↓
HbA1c↓ BP↓ | 82.5 ± 16.4 | 78.3 ± 17.9 | Gastric irritation, constipation, elevation of serum hepatic enzyme level |
|
| (3) | Zhou et al. (2014) [18] | | 18–60 | Xin-ju-xiao-gao-fang (rhubarb, Coptis, semen cassia, Citrus aurantium) | 3 | 170 mL/day,
24 weeks | I: full-dose
C: low-dose | Body weight↓
BMI↓
Waist
Circumference↓
Fasting insulin↓
HOMA-IR↓
HOMA-β↓ | 91.8 ± 13.4 | Reduce 3.6 ± 0.5 | Skin rash |
|
| (4) | Lenon et al. (2012) [19] | | 18–60 | RCM-104 (Camellia sinensis, flos sophorae, semen cassiae) | 4 | 500 mg granule extract/day,
12 weeks | I: compound
C: placebo | Body weight↓
BMI↓
Body fat↓
Food intake↓ | 99.5 ± 15.1 | 98 ± 15.4 | Nausea, headache |
|
| (5) | Ke et al. (2012) [20] | | 25–70 | Linggui Zhugan Decoction (poria Macrocephalae, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Ramulus Cinnamomi, Radix Atractylodis) | 2 | Dose is unknown twice a day,
24 weeks | I: Linggui Zhugan Decoction combined with short-term very low calorie diets
C: basic weight-reduction treatment | BMI↓, SBP↓
DBP↓, FPG↓
2hPG↓, TC↓
TG↓ | 99.5 ± 15.1 | / | Fatigue, hunger, dizziness |
|
| (6) | Chu et al. (2011) [21] | | 18–70 | Pu’er tea | 3 | 4 cap/day, 12 weeks | I: extract
C: placebo | BMI↓
Waist-hip ratio↓
TC↓
TG↓
FBG↓
PG2h↓ | / | / | Diarrhea |
|
| (7) | Li et al. (2010) [22] | | 20–65 | Pistachio | 3 | 53 g/day
12 weeks | I: pistachio
C: pretzels | Body weight↓
BMI↓ | 86.1 ± 1.4 | 82.4 ± 1.6 | No reports |
|
| (8) | Abidov et al. (2010) [23] | | / | Xanthigen (brown marine algae fucoxanthin, pomegranate seed oil) | 4 | 2.4 mg/day, 16 weeks | I: extract
C: control | Body weight↓
Body liver fat content↓ | 92.5 ± 1.5 | 88.2 ± 1.9 | No adverse effects |
|
| (9) | Gout et al. (2010) [24] | | 25–45 | Satiereal, (Crocus sativus L. extract) | 1 | 176.5 mg/day, 8 weeks | I: extract
C: placebo | Body weight↓
BMI↓
Waist circumference↓ | 73.2 ± 1.1 | 72.2 ± 1.2 | Nausea, diarrhea, reflux |
|
| (10) | Datau et al. (2010) [25] | | 30–45 | Nigella sativa | 2 | 750 mg twice daily, 12 weeks | I: extract
C: flour | Body weight↓
SBP↓ | 77.1 ± 4.9 | 72.6 ± 5.4 | No reports |
|
| (11) | Di Pierro et al. (2009) [26] | | 25–60 | Green tea extract | 1 | 50 mg/day
90 days | I: hypocaloric
diet + extract
C: hypocaloric diet | Body weight↓
BMI↓ | 96.1 ± 18.0 | 82.3 ± 15.3 | No reports |
|
| (12) | Wang et al. (2009) [27] | | 18–55 | Catechin enriched green tea | 2 | 458 mg, 468 mg, 886 mg/day, 90 days | I: extract
C: Placebo | Body weight↓
Waist circumference↓
Total body fat↓ | 71.1 ± 11.9 | 69.9 ± 12.1 | No adverse events |
|
| (13) | He et al. (2009) [28] | | 18–65 | Oolong tea | 1 | 8 g/6 weeks | I: extract
C: control | Body weight↓
Subcutaneous fat content↓, TC↓, TG↓ | Men: 79.7 ± 6.7
Women: 70.2 ± 6.8 | Women: 67.8 ± 6.7
Men: 70.2 ± 6.8 | No adverse events |
|
| (14) | Ngondi et al. (2009) [29] | | 19–50 | West African Plant (Irvingia gabonensis) | 2 | 150 mg/10 weeks | I: extract
C: placebo | Body weight↓, body fat↓
Waist circumference↓
TC↓, LDL-C↓
Leptin levels↑ | 97.9 ± 9.1 | 85.1 ± 3.1 | Headache, sleep difficulty, intestinal flatulence |
|
| (15) | Oben et al. (2008) [30] | | 21–44 | Cissus quadrangularis, Irvingia gabonensis | 2 | Unknown/twice daily/10 weeks | I: Cissus quadrangularis or Cissus quadrangularis-Irvingia gabonensis combination; C: placebo | Body weight↓, body fat↓, waist size↓, FBG↓, LDL-C↓
TC↓ | 99.8 ± 13.5 | 88.0 ± 3.2 | Headache, lack of sleep, gas |
|
| (16) | Roongpisuthipong et al. (2007) [31] | | 18–75 | Garcinia atroviridis | 2 | 1.15 grams of Garcinia atroviridis/day/8 weeks | I: diet + extract
C: diet | Body weight↓
BMI, ↓ triceps skin fold thickness↓ | 69 ± 1 | Reduce 2.8 ± 0.1 | No adverse events |
|
| (17) | Kuriyan et al. (2007) [32] | | 28–53 | Caralluma fimbriata | 3 | 1 g/60 days | I: weight loss program + extract; C: weight loss program | Hunger levels
Body weight↓
BMI↓, body fat↓ energy intake↓ | 79.5 ± 16.9 | 77.2 ± 8.6 | Abdominal distention, flatulence, constipation, gastritis |
|
| (18) | Oben et al. (2007) [33] | | 19–54 | Cissus quadrangularis | 2 | 300, 1028 mg/8 weeks | I: two-extract formulation: CQR-300, CORE; C: placebo | Body weight↓
Body fat↓ glucose↓ HDL-C↑ | 118.6 ± 3.8 | 113.8 ± 2.5 | No reports |
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